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KPER FINAL > Midterm 1. > Flashcards

Midterm 1. Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of health?

A

Health is the “capacity to lead a satisfying life, fufill ambitions, and accommodate to change”

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2
Q

what are the 6 multidimensional aspects of health?

A

Physical, Social, Mental, Environment, Spiritual, Emotional

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3
Q

what is the Reactive or curative approach to health and wellness?

A

worrying about health only when sick. not asserting control over your health in the absence of disease.

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4
Q

What is the Proactive approach to health and wellness?

A

Adopting lifestyle habits that, in the long run, will enable you to lead a more healthy life.

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5
Q

Sense of wellness is influenced by the following 4 things:

A

Family, Media, Culture, Peers

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6
Q

How does Family Positively influence your health, well-being and general sense of satisfaction ?

A

Through Education, Values, Support.

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7
Q

How can Media Negatively influence health?

A

the Media’s commercialization of the ideal body is sometimes not a healthy one

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8
Q

what is a) historically created over time b) culturally negociated c) affected by political and economic issues in society?

A

sport culture

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9
Q

Martin Polley; “what is sport?”

A

the way in which we make sense of the past.

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10
Q

Explain Kirkwall Ba’ Game

A

the game has its own conventions and rules, or absence of them, for it is true to say that there are no set rules, and certainly none which affect the simple overriding purpose- to reach the goal!”

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11
Q

what sport did George Beers play?

A

Lacross

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12
Q

what type of values were promoted in amature sport?

A

1) pleasure and conviviality
2) Excellence in competition
3) Skill —‘scientific play’ —- rather than brute strength
4) Respectable ‘manliness’ —courage, self-reliance and self-discipline, respect for others
5) Canadian nationalism (pro-British varient
6) Sport as education for citizenship

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13
Q

Describe Amateurism:

A

“An amature is one who has never competed in any open competition or for public money, or for admission money, or with professionals or a prize, public money or admission money, nor has ever, at any period of his life taught or assisted in the pursuit of athletic exercises as a means of livelihood or is a labourer or Idian”

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14
Q

what is the contamination rule when talking about Amateurism?

A

where amateurs were prohibited from playing with or against professionals.

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15
Q

what is the sabbatarian clause when speaking about Amateurism?

A

A rule that prohibited athletes who competed on a sunday.

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16
Q

what is the trauncy clause when talking about Amateurism?

A

A rule that prohibited those who have neglected their usual vocation or employment whether at home or abroad

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17
Q

Name a couple values that were promoted by Amateurism in clubs and associations.

A

1) Pleasure and conviviality
2) Excellence in competition
3) Skill (scientific play)
4) respectable ‘manliness’ –courage , self discipline, respect for others

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18
Q

who was the founder of the modern Olympics Games in 1928. And what was he strongly against?

A

Baron Pierre de Coubertin, and he was strongly against women participating in sport.

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19
Q

What was “Graceful athleticism” which started in the 1880’s?

A

where women were doing light exercise where the couldn’t sweat. Exercise was meant for protecting women based on the assumption that women were fragile.

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20
Q

What year was the Bicycle Craze?

A

1890s which was the year they invented the pneumatic tire.

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21
Q

how did the Bicycle craze impact women?

A

it was a revelutionary impact on PA for women. women were able to ride bikes due to the bloomers that were fabricated (dress with leg holes)

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22
Q

who is Fanny “Bobby” Rosenfeld?

A

Gold and silver medalist in track and feild 1928 Olympics. She was also a hockey and softball star. Named the female athlete of the half century in 1950

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23
Q

Who were the Preston Rivulettes. What are a couple fun facts about that team.

A

they were an all women hockey team and they had an outstanding record of 348 wins and two losses. 8 Consecutive championships abd 6 consecutive national titles.

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24
Q

Who were the Edmonton Grads?

A

Arguably the Most successful sports team in Canadian sports History. 502 wins, 20 losses. All female team.

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25
Q

What was the FSFI?

A

Federation Sportive Feminine International.

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26
Q

what year did women start going to the Olympics?

A

1928

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27
Q

in the 1928 olympics what percentage of the competitors were women?

A

9.6%

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28
Q

When did women start running in marathons?

A

1984

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29
Q

What happened to women’s sport during the war?

A

Women’s sport was basically at a halt during the war.

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30
Q

what are some challenges still today in Women’s sport?

A

They are still marginal in the media.

Women play by different often “ second class” rules.

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31
Q

what is the overall mission of philosophy?

A

it can be concluded, is to EXAMINE REALITY THROUGH REFLECTIVE TECHNIQUES . typically in the abceses of systematic empirical data gathering and usually without an intrest in making claims about what specific people actually though, beleived or felt in real life circumstances

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32
Q

what are the distinctions between religion, science and philisophy?

A

Religion: Belief/ Faith
Science: Experiment/ Observe/Describe
Philosophy: Reasoning/Logic

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33
Q

What are the Five Major disciplines of philosophy?

A

Metaphysics, Epistemology, Aesthetics, Ethics, Logic.

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34
Q

What is Metaphysics?

A

the study of what is real.

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35
Q

What is Epistemiology?

A

Study of theory of knowledge (how we know what we know)

36
Q

What is Aesthetics?

A

Study of beauty.

37
Q

What is Ethics?

A

Study of how we ought to live

38
Q

What is Logic?

A

study of argument analysis.

39
Q

To think more intentionally, seriously, rigorously, and thoroughly is what?

A

philosophy

40
Q

to think more intentionally, seriously, rigorously, and thoroughly about physical activity and leisure is what?

A

Philisophy of sport.

41
Q

Questions about: Good and bad, Right and wrong, Duties and obligations, Virtue and vice are all examples of what branch in Philosophy?

A

Ethics.

42
Q

Name a few ethical issues that are present in sport:

A

1) Sex and gender catagories
2) Clothing and uniform specifications
3) Children’s participation
4) Emerging technologies
5) Citizen and nationality
6) Human and workers’ rights
7) Performance enhancement

43
Q

Drug testing and the violation of privacy is an example of what?

A

Ethical Issue

44
Q

what has changed with sport since the 1950’s?

A

sport has become very commercialized and rules have changed to enhance the observer experience.

45
Q

How is Media involved in the re-presentation of sport?

A

Media plays a role in “constructing” our understanding of events, that is, sometimes the event was different than how Media re-presented it.

46
Q

How has sport been made to fit arround Media?

A

Through tv timeouts, Geographical realignment, Game starting times etc.

47
Q

what Percentage of the NFL’s revenue comes from television rights?

A

65%

48
Q

What does “Deviant” mean in sport?

A

A bell Curve where we can see what the Normal range of accepted behaviour. When one is not within the rage of accepted behaviour, Under conformity and Overconformity take place.

49
Q

What is an example of unconformity?

A

An athlete that is unwilling to make the sacrifices demanded of them by the “sport ethic” (i.e. play through pain, take risks)

50
Q

between Underconformity and Overconformity, which athlete is most likely to be a better one?

A

Overconfomity

51
Q

what kind of children were less likely to participate in organized sport?

A

Children that live in low income families, those with very young parents, those who’s primary care giver had less than a highschool education and those in single parent families.

52
Q

What is the distinction of sex?

A

Biological aspects of male and female existence; anatomy, physiology, genetics, hormones

53
Q

What is the distinction of gender?

A

the non-biological aspects of difference between women and men

54
Q

How can Masculinity and Femininity be described?

A

Social science notions of gender.

55
Q

Meanings of ______ vary from one scociety to another

A

gender

56
Q

Meanings of _____ and ______ vary withing any one culture over time.

A

Masculinity and Femininity

57
Q

Define race:

A

category of people who share genetically transmitted physical traits.

58
Q

Define racism

A

discrimination or unequal treatment on the basis of physical traits.

59
Q

Define Ethnicity:

A

Cultral heritage of a particular group of people

60
Q

Define a Minority Group

A

A sociological term used to refer to a socially identified collection of people who may experience discrimination and suffer social disadvantages because of discrimination

61
Q

Define a visible Minority:

A

racial minority groups who are identifiably deiiferent often by skin color, from the majority group.

62
Q

what was “la danse sauvage”

A

in the 1976 olympics, this was dance that was performed at the openning ceremonies. approximately 250 performers were non-aboriginal, they didnt even dance to indigenous music.

63
Q

what were the MAIG Cowichan in 2008?

A

indigenous games that help 16 sports in seven days.

64
Q

What was the disciplinary approach in education?

A

everything was very militarised and centered arround military drill.

65
Q

when did physical training in schools become compulsory?

A

1889

66
Q

what type of exercises were kindergarden students forced to participate in?

A

marching, gymnastics

67
Q

What was the Strathcona Trust?

A

it was an endowment of $500,000 to encourage physical and military training in the schools. Created in 1909 and lasted until 1950

68
Q

what was the child centered pedagody?

A

it is when they introduced more child centeredness anti-authoritarian teaching where they added more art, health, music than the generation before.

69
Q

“_____________ is the mastering of fundamental movement skills and fundamental sport skills that permit a child to read their environment and make appropriate decisions, allowing them to move confidently and with control in a wide range of physical activity situations. It supports long-term participation and performance to the best of one’s ability.”

A

Physical literacy.

70
Q

define Fundamental movement skills

A

The most basic movement skills found in any complex skill…. skills that need to be taught.

71
Q

“An aesthetic ability that focuses on how the body moves in relation to the floor rather than on a specific action or result of action (like games)” is reffered to as:

A

Gymnastics

72
Q

what are the two types of gymnastics?

A

Rythmic and Educational

73
Q

“human nature’s childhood starting point [is] one of unruliness, passion and disorder … [which] requires rationality or divine law to be imposed upon it from above” is reffered to as:

A

Top down approach

74
Q

play is an “expression of humanity’s basic goodness and wisdom, its natural or sacred spontaneity and simplicity … and should be nurtured from the ground up as a way of resisting corrupting habits of the world” is referred to as:

A

Bottom-up approach

75
Q

play is “a neutral instrument to be used for humanity’s gradual improvement” is referred as:

A

Developmental approach

76
Q

Compared to non-athletes, athletes are more:

A
  • competitive
  • dominant
  • self confident
  • acheivement oriented
  • psychologically well adjusted
  • have higher self-esteem
  • more authoritarian
  • demonstrate higher levels of persistance
77
Q

“Individuals who possess stable, extroverted personalities tend to gravitate toward the sporting environment” is suggested by what hypothesis?

A

gravitational hypothesis

78
Q

what is Eustress

A

positive stress

79
Q

what is Distress

A

negative stress

80
Q

what is stress?

A

a non-specific response of the body to any demand made upon it.

81
Q

What is trait anxiety?

A

“personality characteristic that is relatively stable over time, predisposing the individual to be anxious across a wide variety of situations”

82
Q

What is State anxiety?

A

situation-specific anxiety (e.g., sport)

83
Q

what are the two subdivisions of State Anxiety?

A

Cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety.

84
Q

Describe somatic state anxiety.

A

the physiological responses due to stress.

85
Q

Describe Cognitive State anxiety.

A

psychological component of state anxiety, caused by fear of failure or negative consequences.

KPER FINAL (2 decks)

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