Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Religions 2400 Judaism > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which two countries have the largest Jewish Populations?

A

USA and Isreal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the approximate Jewish population of Canada?

A

374,000, 1.14% of total canadian population and 2.8% of world jewish population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the “Abrahamic Religions”?

A

An Abrahamic religion is a religion whose people believe that the Hebrew patriarch Abraham and his descendants hold an important role in human spiritual development. The best known Abrahamic religions are Judaism, Christianity and Islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does “Dispora” mean and how is it an important idea for Jews?

A

Dispora comes from an old Greek term meaning disperssion and refers to the jewish communities no located in Isreal. Emissaries are sent to Dispora communities in order to teach a love for Israel as living there is considered to be in a state of assented privelage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the approximate time of David & Solomon?

A

1000 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When did the fall of Samaria take place?

A

722 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When did the Fall of Judah and the 1st temple take place?

A

587 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was the Second Temple Rebuilt?

A

late 500 - early 400s BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When did the Maccabean Rebellion take place?

A

160s BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When did the rededication of the Temple take place?

A

164 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When did the destruction of the 2nd Temple take place?

A

70 CE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When did the Bar Kochba Rebellion finally end?

A

135 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When was the Mishnah completed?

A

200-220 CE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When was the Palestinian Talmud completed?

A

400 CE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When was the Babylonian Talmud completed?

A

500s CE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who and where was the Jewish Bible Canonized?

A

A school of Talmudic Sages in Yavneh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha?

A

Books that were omitted from the Jewish Canon. These books include the Maccabees, Judith, and tobit and were only preserved in the Cristian churches such as the Greek orthodox church and the Roman Catholic church

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Shema?

A

A Jewish prayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Sefer Torah?

A

Scroll of the Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Masoretic Text

A

Standard version of the Hebrew Bible developed by the Masoretes of Tiberias in the ninth and tenth centures CE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Septuagint

A

The translation of the Bible into Greek around the third century BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pentateuch

A

Greek term used by christian scholars in there reference to the Hebrew Bible. Greek for “five scrolls”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Codex

A

book constructed by a number of sheets of paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Canon

A

Collection of Authoritative Scripture for a particular religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Haftarah

A

Series of selections from the books of Nevi’im (“Prophets”) of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice. The Haftarah reading follows the Torah reading on each Sabbath and on Jewish festivals and fast days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Khetuvim

A

the third and final section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), after Torah (instruction) and Nevi’im (prophets). In English translations of the Hebrew Bible, this section is usually entitled “Writings”.
The Ketuvim are believed to have been written under divine inspiration, but with one level less authority than that of prophecy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Nevi’im

A

2nd Section of the Tanakh consisting of the Former Prophets and the Latter Prophets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Writings

A

English title for the Khetuvim of the Tanakh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Khumash

A

Printed codex Volume containing the Torah in its entirety and the haftarah readings. Also known as Humash or Chumash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Midrash

A

ancient commentary on part of the Hebrew scriptures that “fills in the blanks” and connects everything together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Gemarah

A

2nd part of the Talmud consisting of Rabbinic commentaries on Mishnah

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Mishnah

A

1st part of the Talmud consisting of an analysis of Biblical Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Amoraim

A

Jewish Scholars from 200 to 500 CE who “said” or “told over” the teachings of the Oral Torah. They were concentrated in Babylonia and the Land of Israel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Israeli

A

citizens or permanent residents of the state of Israel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Israelite

A

Member of the ancient Hebrew Nation, especially in the period from the Exodus to the Babylonian Captivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Hasmoneans

A

Ruling dynasty of Judea between 140 and 37 BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Essenes

A

a sect of Second Temple Judaism that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE. Congregated in Communal life dedicated to asceticism. Monastic group who contributed some of the Dead Sea Scrolls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Canaanites

A

A group of People that the Israelites annihilated following the exodus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Levites

A

Member of the tribe of Levi that served particular religious duties for the Israelites and had political responsibilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Phillistines

A

Non-semetic people of ancient southern Palestine, who came into conflict with the Isrealites during the 12th and 11th centuries BCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Tannaim

A

Rabbinic sages who’s views are recorded in the Mishnah, from 10 to 220 CE

42
Q

Zealot

A

A member of an ancient Jewish sext aiming at a world Jewish Theocracy and resisting the Romans until 70 CE

43
Q

Sadducees

A

Temple elite Jewish sect at the time of Christ that denied the resurrection of the dead, the existence of spirits, and the obligation of oral tradition, emphasizing acceptance of the written law alone

44
Q

Samaritans

A

Jewish sect that emphasized the importance of turning to Mount Gerizim instead of Jerusalem

45
Q

Masoretes

A

Jewish scribe-scholars who worked between the 6th and 10th centuries CE. Responsible for the Masoretic text and adding vowels

46
Q

Pharisees

A

Believed in eternal Soul and Judgement after death, had oral interpretations of the Torah that was rejected by the Sadducces

47
Q

Maccabees

A

leaders of Jewish Rebel army that took over Judea from the Seleucid empire

48
Q

Northern Kingdom

A

Kingdom of Isreal consisting of the 12 tribes minus Benjamin and Judah

49
Q

Southern Kingdom

A

Kingdom of Judah consisting of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin

50
Q

United Monarchy

A

kingdom of Israel and Judah, during the reigns of Saul, David and Solomon, as depicted in the Hebrew Bible. This is traditionally dated between 1050 and 930 BCE. Eventually divided into the Northern and Southern Kingdoms after the death of Solomon

51
Q

Canaan

A

a Semitic-speaking region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BCE. In the Bible it corresponds to the Levant, in particular to the areas of the Southern Levant that provide the main setting of the narrative of the Hebrew Bible

52
Q

Dome of the Rock

A

Islamic Mosque now located on the location of the 1st and 2nd Temple

53
Q

Mt. Gerizim

A

The sacred mountain of the Samaritans that is considered more important than Jerusalem

54
Q

Sinai

A

The mountain where Moses received the law

55
Q

Wailing Wall

A

Only remaining ruins of the 1st and 2nd temple that is a sacred spot of Jewish prayer

56
Q

Yavneh (Jamnia)

A

Location of the ancient Jewish council where the Jewish canon is thought to have been finalized

57
Q

Samaria

A

The ruling city of the Northern Kingdom that was conquered by the Assyrians in 722 BCE

58
Q

Qumran

A

Location of the caves that housed the dead sea scrolls

59
Q

Kotel

A

Another name for the Location of the Wailing wall

60
Q

Moriah

A

Name of the Mountain range from the book of Genesis

61
Q

Akedah (Akeidah)

A

The story of the binding of Isaac

62
Q

Targum

A

spoken paraphrases, explanations and expansions of the Jewish scriptures (also called the Tanakh) that a Rabbi would give in the common language of the listeners, which was then often Aramaic

63
Q

Halakhah

A

Jewish Law

64
Q

Hanukkah

A

Jewish Holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple

65
Q

Mitzvah (mitzvot)

A

Commandment from God

66
Q

Tosefta

A

is a compilation of the Jewish oral law from the late 2nd century, the period of the Mishnah. In many ways, the Tosefta acts as a supplement to the Mishnah

67
Q

Shofar

A

A shofar is an ancient musical horn made of ram’s horn, used for Jewish religious purposes

68
Q

Tractate

A

is an organizational element of Talmudic literature

69
Q

Assyrian Empire

A

The reign of the Assyrians over the Northern Kingdom (Kingdom of Israel) after the dispersion of the 10 tribes (the lost ten tribes of Israel)

70
Q

Hellenistic Empire

A

the period of ancient Greek (Hellenic) history and Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year

71
Q

Roman Empire

A

Empire that conquered Jerusalem in 63 BCE under the Reign of Pompey and controlled Jerusalem and the kingdom of Judah until its fall

72
Q

Ptolomiac Dynasty

A

a Macedonian royal family, originating from Macedon, which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt during the Hellenistic period. Their rule lasted for 275 years, from 305 to 30 BC. They were the last dynasty of ancient Egypt

73
Q

Sassanid Empire

A

the last imperial dynasty in Persia before the rise of Islam, ruled by and named after the Sassanian dynasty from 224 to 651 AD

74
Q

Seleucid Empire

A

a Hellenistic state ruled by the Seleucid dynasty, which existed from 312 BC to 63 BC

75
Q

El Elyon

A

Meaning “God Most high”

76
Q

Jehovah

A

vocalization of YHWH

77
Q

Yahweh

A

Close to the Hebrew work for “To be” (He is)

78
Q

Elohim

A

grammatically plural noun for “Gods” or “deity” from the Hebrew Bible

79
Q

Shaddai

A

Word to for God meaning “Almighty”

80
Q

YHWH

A

The proper unpronounceable name of the Jewish God

81
Q

HaShem

A

“The name” used for God in Jewish Texts

82
Q

Shekinah

A

the English transliteration of a Hebrew word meaning “dwelling” or “settling” and denotes the dwelling or settling of the divine presence of God. This term does not occur in the Bible, and is from rabbinic literature

83
Q

Esau

A

Oldest so of Isaac son of Abraham whos birthright was stolen by his younger brother Jacob

84
Q

Hagar

A

Egyptian handmaid of Sarai (Sarah), who gave her to Abraham to bear a child. The product of the union was Abraham’s firstborn, Ishmael, the progenitor of the Ishmaelites

85
Q

Herod

A

a Roman client king of Judea, referred to as the Herodian kingdom

86
Q

Hillel

A

a famous Jewish religious leader, one of the most important figures in Jewish history. He is associated with the development of the Mishnah and the Talmud. Renowned within Judaism as a sage and scholar, he was the founder of the House of Hillel school for Tannaïm (Sages of the Mishnah) and the founder of a dynasty of Sages who stood at the head of the Jews living in the Land of Israel until roughly the fifth century of the Common Era

87
Q

Ishmael

A

Abraham’s first son according to Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Ishmael was born to Abraham’s and Sarah’s handmaiden Hagar

88
Q

Judah

A

fourth son of Jacob and Leah, the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Judah. By extension, he is indirectly eponymous of the Kingdom of Judah, the land of Judea and the word “Jew”

89
Q

Judah HaNasi (Judah the prince)

A

a second-century rabbi and chief redactor and editor of the Mishnah. He was a key leader of the Jewish community during the Roman occupation of Judea

90
Q

Leah

A

first of the two concurrent wives of the Hebrew patriarch Jacob and mother of six sons whose descendants became some of the Twelve Tribes of Israel

91
Q

Levi

A

son of Jacob, or high priest of the Israelites. Moses and his brother, Aaron, were both descendants of the Tribe of Levi

92
Q

RABBAN

A

a title traditionally given to the head of the Sanhedrin during Tannaitic times

93
Q

Rachel

A

was the favourite of Biblical patriarch Jacob’s two wives as well as the mother of Joseph and Benjamin, two of the twelve progenitors of the tribes of Israel

94
Q

Sarah (Sarai)

A

wife and also the half–sister of Abraham and the mother of Isaac as described in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran. Her name was originally Sarai. According to Genesis 17:15, God changed her name to Sarah as part of a covenant after Hagar bore Abraham his first son, Ishmael.

95
Q

Shammai

A

a Jewish scholar of the 1st century, and an important figure in Judaism’s core work of rabbinic literature, the Mishnah. Shammai was the most eminent contemporary and the halakhic opponent of Hillel, and is almost invariably mentioned along with him

96
Q

Simon Bar Kokhba

A

was the Jewish leader of what is known as the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire in 132 CE, establishing an independent Jewish state which he ruled for three years as Nasi (“Prince”). His state was conquered by the Romans in 135 following a two and half-year war

97
Q

Solomon

A

a fabulously wealthy and wise king of Israel and a son of David, the previous king of Israel, He reigned from 970 to 931 BCE

98
Q

Yokhanan ben Zakkai (Johanan ben Zakai)

A

Leader of the Scholarly school in Yavneh

99
Q

The Exile

A

Babylonian Exile, also called Babylonian Captivity, the forced detention of Jews in Babylonia following the latter’s conquest of the kingdom of Judah in 598 and 587 BCE. The exile formally ended in 538 BCE, when the Persian conqueror of Babylonia, Cyrus the Great, gave the Jews permission to return to Palestine

100
Q

The Restoration

A

Judaism between the construction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, c. 515 BCE, and its destruction by the Romans in 70 CE. The development of the Hebrew Bible canon, the synagogue, Jewish apocalyptic expectations for the future, and Christianity, can all be traced to the Second Temple period

101
Q

Adonai

A

Word for God used in Jewish Texts

Religions 2400 Judaism (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions