Midterm 1

Question 1

What is the normal resting pulse rate for an adult?

Answer 1

60-90 pulsations per minute

Question 2

An irregular heart patter, which then continues in the same regular pattern over and over may indicate what condition?

Answer 2

Sinus Arrhythmia

Question 3

A heart pattern with a less unpredictable rhythm may indicate…

Answer 3

Heart Disease

Question 4

What is meant by amplitude when assessing a patient’s pulse?

Answer 4

Height or intensity of the pulse

Question 5

What is the scale in which we measure amplitude?

Answer 5

4=bounding
3=full
2=expected
1=diminished
0=absent

Question 6

What does blood pressure measure?

Answer 6

It is a peripheral measurement of an individual’s cardiovascular capacity.

Question 7

Where can we take a patients temperature?

Answer 7

Oral
Axiallary
Rectal
Tympanic

Question 8

When is the tympanic temperature assessment not reliable?

Answer 8

If the patient has tympanic tubes or implants.

Question 9

What is the purpose of taking a placatory systolic measurement?

Answer 9

Helps to avoid errors of underestimating the systolic pressure.

Question 10

T or F

The placatory systolic pressure is the pressure where the radial pulse disappears

Answer 10

False

It is where the radial pulse REAPPEARS

Question 11

In regards to the cuff size, what could give you false readings?

Answer 11

• Cuffs that are too short or too narrow may give false high readings
• Using a regular size cuff on an obsess arm may lead to a false diagnosis
• A loose cuff or a bladder that balloons outside the cuff leads to false high readings.

Question 12

Systole is the period of ventricular ______

Answer 12

Contraction

Question 13

Diastole is a period of ventricular _______

Answer 13

Relaxation

Question 14

When does ventricular diastole begin and end?

Answer 14

with the onset of the second heart sound and ends with the onset of the first heart sound.

Question 15

What is pulse pressure?

Answer 15

The difference between systole and diastole.

Question 16

Normally there may be a difference of how many mmHG when doing blood pressure bilaterally?

Answer 16

5-10 mmHG

Question 17

Pressure differences in blood pressure of 10-15 mm HG suggests?

Answer 17

Arterial compression or obstruction on the side with the lower pressure.

Question 18

T or F

Blood pressure readings tend to be higher on the left arm

Answer 18

False

Right arm tends to be higher.

Question 19

T or F

The arm that has the highest reading is accepted as being the closets to the patients true blood pressure

Answer 19

True!

Question 20

Ordinarily, the femoral pulse is as strong or stronger than the radial pulse. If this is reversed or if the femoral pulsation is absent what should be suspected?

Answer 20

Coarctation of the aorta - this is a congenital stenosis or narrowing most commonly of the aortic arch.

Question 21

What is an ausculatory gap?

Answer 21

A silent interval that may be present between the systolic and diastolic pressure.

Question 22

What are two factors that can effect the ausculatory gap?

Answer 22

Hypertension in elderly persons can widen the interval or drops in diastolic pressure usually seen in chronic severe aortic regurgitation.

Question 23

A positive DeMusset’s Sign is indicative of…

Answer 23

Aortic insufficiency

Question 24

The hyoid bone is located adjacent to what spinal segment?

Answer 24

C3

Question 25

Difficulty in swallowing my indicate what pathologies?

Answer 25

Enlarged thyroid gland

Space-occupying lesion in the anterior spine.

Question 26

What is paronchia?

Answer 26

Skin infection around the nail

Question 27

An iron deficiency anemia, fungal infection or hypothyroidism are symptoms related to what nail condition?

Answer 27

Spooned Nails (Koilonchia)

Question 28

Broad and flat nails could indicate?

Answer 28

Secondary Syphilis

Question 29

What are the possible causes of Edema?

Answer 29

Venous obstruction
Increased capillary fluid pressure
Renal Failure
Congestive heart failure 
Corticosteroid usage
Inflammatory response

Question 30

Stasis dermatitis is commonly associated with?

Answer 30

Venous incompetence

Question 31

What are the usual consequences of stasis dermatitis?

Answer 31

Increased edema
Secondary bacterial infection
Ulceration

Question 32

What are bruits?

Answer 32

Low pitched unexpected sounds that may indicate local obstruction or vigorous blood flow.

Question 33

What causes venous hum?

Answer 33

Turbulent blood flow in the internal jugular veins.

Question 34

Venous hum in adults usually occurs with:

Answer 34

Anemia
Pregnancy
Thyrotoxicosis
Intracranial arteriovenous malformation

Question 35

What signs are common to both arterial insufficiency and venous stasis?

Answer 35

Atrophy of skin with hair loss
Ulceration
Pain
Gangrene

Question 36

What is venous stasis and what may the patient complain of?

Answer 36

Chronic venous insufficiency manifested by edema and dilated superficial veins.
- may complain of fullness, aching or tiredness in the leg or have no discomfort.

Question 37

A depression that does not raptly fill when checking for pitting edema is evidence of…

Answer 37

Orthostatic edema

Question 38

Edema with thickening and ulceration of the skin could indicate…

Answer 38

Deep venous obstruction or valvular incompetence.