midterm 1

Question 1

two bison

Answer 1

Material: limestone
Size: 2 ft long
Location: le Tuc D’Audoubert Cave, France
Other info: in cave, clay taken from dif part in cave, meant to be shown lying down, after hunt perhaps

From exam:
True or false
- this scene was used to celebrate successful hunt
- this depiction may allude to previous cave paintings of animals

Question 2

woman of wilendorf

Answer 2

Material: limestone
Size: 4”
Location: wilendorf, Austria
Other info: idealized shape (enlarged breasts and stomach), represent women as a whole, previously known as venus

From exam:
- Material
- was she a symbol of fertility
-

Question 3

woman holding a bison horn

Answer 3

Material: stone, traces of red paint
Size: 1.5 ft
Location: cave
Other info: touching belly (fertility), above cave as protection

Question 4

human with a feline head

Answer 4

Material: Ivory
Size: small
Location: germany
Other info: connect human and animal powers, taking on the power of a lion

Question 5

stone henge

Answer 5

Material: stone
Size: large
Location: uk/england
Other info: used it to map the sun, knew when eclipse were coming and used it as a weapon to threaten enemies

On exam

Question 6

nasca hummingbird

Answer 6

Material: field
Size: large
Location: Peru (between foothills and mountains)
Other info: geolyth, earth drawings, not meant for people to see, only those above

On exam

Question 7

tomb of emperor nintoku and haniwa figure

Answer 7

Material: trees, water
Size: large
Location: Sakai, Japan
Other info: presence after death, shintoism, trees represent life after death

Warrior:
Material: clay
Size: 4’3”
other info: guarded tomb, protect the living from the dead too

Question 8

newgrange tomb

Answer 8

Material: stone, dirt
Size: large
Location: Ireland
Other info: spirals (continuity, repetition as a guide), during winter solstice you’d see a ray of light on the floor, corbelled dome (“capturing” dead space)

On exam:
True or false
- this place was near stone henge
- had corbelled dome
-

Question 9

stepped pyramid of djoser

Answer 9

Material: stone?
Size: large
Location: saqqara, egypt
Other info: wanted to stand out, carved out space for himself from the public, designed by Imhotep (first architect named in history), built in 3 stages (wasn’t big enough the first 2 times), translated existing ideas into stone (mimic tree trunks)

On exam
Material
A. Stone, B. Clay, C. Fired brick, D. Sundries brick
T or f
- was a ___ tomb in first stage of building
- was part of palace setting

Question 10

great pyramids of giza

Answer 10

Material: stone
Size: large
Location: giza, outside of cairo, egypt
General info: alignment with night sky, oriens belt
Khufu: largest, grandfather
Khafre:
Menkaure: smallest, died fast, 1 chamber, far less perfect than the others

Question 11

great ziggurat, Ur

Answer 11

Material:
Size:
Location: akkadian,
Other info: small hill, put temple atop it, would be an office, food storage, priest housing, etc

Question 12

Great stuppa, sanchi

Answer 12

Material: stone
Size: large
Location: India
Other info: monestary, built for pilgramage, look at the images as you walk around it to enter, 4 gateways with individual teachings, controlling access

Exam
Location
- space for many people to say communal prayer
- 4 gates as protected entry
-

Question 13

persepolis

Answer 13

Material: stone (ruins)
Size: large
Location: Iran
Other info: created for celebration of festivals, for people to come celebrate the king, depicted visitors on the walls, alexander the great - destroyed everything

Question 14

catal huyuk

Answer 14

Material:
Size:
Location: Turkey
Other info: no roads, people would travel by roof, 3000 people would have lived there, defence mechanism of limited access, wall paintings (community of hunters), bull room, seated woman,

Question 15

teotihuacan

Answer 15

Material:
Size: large
Location: Mexico
Other info: pyramid of the sun/moon, temple of the serpent, avenue of the sun, resembled mountain, tunnels under for tombs, largest city in the world at the time, 83 cm units,

Exam:
Location
T or f
- measurement of 5 ft
- small urban city that served as …
-

Question 16

pueblo bonito

Answer 16

Material:
Size: large
Location: new mexico, USA
Other info: circles, community

Question 17

machu pichu

Answer 17

Material:
Size: large
Location: peru, inca
Other info: limited access, blocks made to fit wall as they were building it

Exam:
T or f
- on high plateau in front of mountains
- skilled brickwork
- Spaniards inhabited for a while
-

Question 18

judgement of hunefer

Answer 18

Material: book
Size:
Location: egypt
Other info:

Exam:
Location
T or f
- depicted something from “book of the dead”
- showed gods coming down
- showed the right way to live
-

Question 19

lamassu

Answer 19

Material: limestone
Size: 13’10”
Location:
Other info: man headed, winged bull, guarded the threshold,

Question 20

ishtar gate

Answer 20

Material:
Size:
Location: babylon, now berlin
Other info: entrance to the city

Exam:
T or f
- guarded city as protection
- animals on it had meaning
- redone every so often

Question 21

great shrine of ise

Answer 21

Material: wood?
Size: large
Location: Japan
Other info: sun goddess amatersau, rebuilt every 20 yrs

Question 22

temple of amun, kamak

Answer 22

Material:
Size:
Location: Egypt
Other info:

Question 23

hatshepsut with offering jars

Answer 23

Material: red granite
Size:
Location: Egypt
Other info: first female pharaoh, on her knees, humbling herself before the gods, doesn’t use male symbols to symbolize her power/authority

Exam:
T or f
- depicted typical pharaoh in false beard, short skirt, headdress
- depicted female pharaoh
- found in a pyramid tomb

Question 24

seated scribe

Answer 24

Material: painted limestone
Size: 1’9”
Location: saqqara
Other info: eye contact, no manual labour, member of high court

Exam
- depicted pharaoh
- material
-

Question 25

senenmut with princess nefrura

Answer 25

Material: granite
Size: 3’ ½“ high
Location: thebes
Other info: cared more about what he did than how he looked, showed princess to depict his close connection with the royal family

Exam
- material
- made to house pharaohs soul
- found in a pyramid
- depicted high court member

Question 26

akhenaten

Answer 26

Material:
Size: 13’ (huge)
Location: temple of atan, karnak
Other info: wanted to be different, change to monotheism, closed temples, made his own, changed how pharoh is depicted. elongated face,

Exam

Question 27

shield jaguar and lady xoc

Answer 27

Material: limestone
Size: 3’7” x 2’6”
Location: Yaxchilan, Mexico
Other info: pain, responsibility of leadership, making a statement, wounds need time to heal

Exam
- location
- material

Question 28

head of akkadian ruler

Answer 28

Material: copper
Size: life sized
Location: NINIVEH
Other info: masculinity, leadership, eyes and ears removed

Question 29

stele with the law code of hammurabi

Answer 29

Material: basalt
Size: 7’4”
Location: Susa
Other info: over 300 laws, laws given as a privilege, not penalty, penalty is based on social standing, god has 4 rows of horns, very important, man arm raised, symbol of respect for the god

Exam
- depicted the new system of law and order …
- material
- 300 smth

Question 30

gudea of lagash

Answer 30

Material: calcite
Size: human sized?
Location: neo-sumerian tradition
Other info: naked shoulder: allusion to physical power, hands together: praying pose, wanted image to function for eternity, river: aquated with power of water, bringing prosperity. NO beard, young looking in comparison to previous images

Exam
- more than 20 surviving figures
- figures were meant to be in temples
- material

Question 31

queen of the night

Answer 31

Material: terracotta
Size: 1’ 7½ “
Location: Iraq (babylon?)
Other info: horns, animal helpers, idea of being exposed (naked), fertility, power in nudity

Question 32

death of the Buddha

Answer 32

Material: granulite
Size: 10’ x 46’ (massive)
Location: Sri Lanka
Other info: idea that death is peaceful, like going to sleep, goal to achieve enlightenment and accept life is not permanent

Exam
- showed Buddha sleeping
- showed Buddha achieving enlightenment
- size
-

Question 33

portrait of the priest shunjobo chogen

Answer 33

Material: wood
Size: 2’ 8” (small)
Location: Japan
Other info: showing peace of being old, wisdom, age, already seeing the bigger picture

Question 34

standard of ur (peace and war)

Answer 34

Material: wood, lapaz luzi, limestone
Size: 8” x 1’7” (small)
Location: Iraq
Other info: one side destroying the enemy, taking them as slaves, other side shows good life if you win, slaves doing work and bringing things to ruler

Question 35

Terracotta Army

Answer 35

Material: terracotta
Size: 5’11”
Location: China
Other info: next to burial mound, placed in complete formations, different levels of strength (archers, officers, warriors, etc), very detailed,

Exam
- built around emperors body
- realistic features

Question 36

epidauros theatre

Answer 36

Material:
Size: huge
Location: Greece
Other info: for tragedies and comedies, resolve conflict with the gods, front row more comfortably carved, catharsis, 12-14 k seats

Question 37

ti watching hippo hunt

Answer 37

Material: painting
Size: tomb sized?
Location: saqqara, egypt
Other info: tomb of ti, hippos evil

Question 38

li cheng: a solitary temple and clearing peaks

Answer 38

Material: ink on silk
Size: 3’8” x 1’10”
Location: China
Other info: northern song period, pathway to a higher power, separation between close and far, allows viewer to place themself in the image on a scale of how enlightened they feel they are

Question 39

ma yuan: on a mountain path in spring

Answer 39

Material: ink and colour on silk
Size:
Location: China
Other info: not about what is in the image but rather whats not, allows the viewer to decide what they see