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Pharm 34X > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Acetylcholine

A

AChR agonist

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2
Q

Noradrenaline

A

adrenoceptor agonist

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3
Q

Adrenaline

A

adrenoceptor agonist
cardiac stimulator, α vasoconstrictor, β2 vasodilator

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4
Q

Muscarine

A

mAChR agonist

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5
Q

Nicotine

A

nAChR agonist

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6
Q

Amphetamine

A

indirect sympathomimetic
release of catecholamines from vesicles

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7
Q

Methylphenidate

A

indirect acting sympathomimetic
substrate for catecholamine transporters = reverse transport of catecholamines into synapse

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8
Q

Cocaine

A

indirect sympathomimetic
prevents uptake of catecholamines = longer action in synapse

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9
Q

TCA

A

indirect sympathomimetic
prevents uptake of catecholamines = longer action in synapse

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10
Q

Atropine

A

mAChR antagonist
similar effects to scopolamine

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11
Q

Carbachol

A

AChR agonist
choline ester → both n + m

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12
Q

Malathion

A

anticholinesterase
organophosphate
insecticide

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13
Q

Succinylcholine

A

nAChR antagonist

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14
Q

Isoprenaline

A

B agonist
β1 = cardiac stimulator
β2 = vasodilator

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15
Q

Tyramine

A

indirect sympathomimetic
releases catecholamines from vesicles

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16
Q

Dobutamine

A

β1 agonist

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17
Q

Salbutamol

A

β2 agonist (short acting)
tx for asthma

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18
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Sudafed
α1 agonist
tx for nasal congestion

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19
Q

Phentolamine

A

α antagonist

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20
Q

Prazosin

A

α1 antagonist

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21
Q

Metoprolol

A

β1 selective blocker

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22
Q

Propanolol

A

non selective β blocker

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23
Q

Clonidine

A

α2 agonist

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24
Q

Yohimbine

A

α2 antagonist

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25
Salmeterol
long acting β2 agonist 8-12 hr duration also formoterol taken in addition to glucocorticoids
26
Theophylline
bronchodilator inhibits phosphodiesterase = ↑ cAMP tx for asthma
27
Montelukast
bronchodilator CysLT1 antagonist tx for asthma
28
Zafirlukast
bronchodilator CysLT1 antagonist tx for asthma
29
Beclometasone
glucocorticoid = anti-inflammatory inhaled tx for asthma
30
Budesonide
glucocorticoid = anti-inflammatory inhaled tx for asthma
31
Omalizumab
monoclonal anti IgE antibody tx for asthma
32
DOPA
precursor to dopamine dopa decarboxylase converts DOPA to DA
33
Dopamine
catecholamine cannot cross BBB
34
Levodopa
tx of PD metabolic precursor of DA - can cross BBB enhance synthesis of DA in striatum
35
Carbidopa
tx of PD does not cross BBB, given in combination with Levodopa inhibits dopa decarboxylase in periperal tissues
36
Bromocriptine
dopamine agonist ergo alkaloid; partial agonist at D2 receptors tx of PD
37
Pramipexole
dopamine agonist high affinity for D3 receptor tx of PD
38
Ropinirole
dopamine agonist high affinity for D2 receptor tx of PD metabolized by hepatic CYP1A2
39
Selegiline
selective MAO(B) inhibitor tx of PD in combo with levodopa (rasagiline - more potent)
40
Entacapone
peripheral COMT inhibitor tx of PD
41
Tolcapone
central + peripheral COMT inhibitor tx of PD
42
Phenytoin
tx of tonic-clonic + focal seizures sodium channel blocker
43
Phenobarbital
back-up/adjunctive antiseizure drug barbiturate inhibits NMDA receptors
44
Ethosuximide
tx of absence seizures
45
Carbamazepine
tx of tonic-clonic + focal seizures sodium channel blocker
46
Lamotrigine
tx of myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic + focal seizures sodium channel blocker
47
Valproate
tx of myoclonic and absence seizures facilitates inhibitory actions of GABA sodium channel blocker - blocks GABA transaminase + promotes effect on NMDA receptor
48
Benzodiazepines
diazepam, lorazepam Clonazepam: myoclonic seizures
49
Topiramate
back-up/adjunctive antiseizure drug facilitates inhibitory actions of GABA
50
Felbamate
back-up/adjunctive antiseizure drug facilitates inhibitory actions of GABA inhibition of NMDA receptors
51
Vigabitrin
back-up/adjunctive antiseizure drug inhibitor of GABA catabolism
52
Benztropine
antimuscarinics tx of PD (biperiden)
53
Amantadine
increases DA availability presynaptic = ↑ biosynthesis postsynaptic = ↑ D2 receptor activation tx of PD
54
Mepolizumab
also Reslizumab IL-5 inhibitors tx of eosinophilic asthma
55
Timolol
topical β blocker tx of glaucoma ↓ secretion of aqueous humour from ciliary body
56
Pilocarpine
cholinergic agonist (M3) tx of glaucoma ↑ ciliary contraction = ↑ outflow of fluid
57
Echothiphate
anticholinesterase tx of glaucoma ↑ ciliary muscle contraction also physostigmine
58
Aproclonidine
vasoconstrictor similar to adrenaline tx of glaucoma ↓ blood flow = ↓ secretion
59
cannabinoids
tx of glaucoma ↓ IOP via Gi CB1 receptor similar to anadamide
60
Ipratropium
tx of COPD inhaled anticholinergic - nicotinic antagonist inhibits M3 bronchoconstriction Tiotropium = longer duration
61
Roflumilast
long acting inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 tx of COPD reduces inflammation
62
Butyrophenone + phenothiazine
antipsychotic drugs - block brain DA receptors = causes parkinsonian sx
63
Reserpine
causes parkinsonian sx through depletion of brain DA
64
MPTP
byproduct of synthesis of meperidine analog causes irreversible parkinsonism syndrome damage of dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal tract
65
Gabapentin
back up and adjunctive anti-seizure drug calcium channel blocker: blocks t-type low voltage activity in thalamus
66
Perampanel
back-up and adjunctive antiseizure drug inhibits AMPA receptors

Pharm 34X (8 decks)

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