Midterm #1 Flashcards
what did Emil Kraepelin do?
he worked on the biological theory of mental disorders in late 1800s
what is the categorical approach by Kraepelin?
it is a method of classifying disorders
what did Thomas Acenbach do?
he worked on child behaviour and emotional health/ disorders
what is internalizing and externalizing dimensions?
In order to describe behavioral, emotional and social problems, the terms “internalizing” and “externalizing” were introduced by grouping of syndromes scales
What is the ICD
it is the international cllassification of diseases created by WHO (current Jan 2022)
what is polythetic?
: different individuals may have different symptoms, yet
still meet criteria for the same diagnosis
what is quantitative research
Data or observations translated to numbers and Statistical description and analysis
what is qualatative research?
Captures subjective experiences, or other “qualities” that cannot be
expressed numerically
what is parsimony?
A scientific theory must integrate the
relevant information about a phenomenon as simply as
possible
what is falsifiability?
It must be possible to use
evidence/observation to disprove predictions from a
scientific theory
what is deductive reasoning?
Using the framework of a theory/what is known to draw a conclusion
(TOP DOWN)
What is inductive reasoning?
Integrating observations to draw a conclusion
(BOTTOM UP)
What is a case formulation?
goes beyond a diagnostic label to describe life
situation, presenting problems, and possible links between life
experience/personal variables and the presenting problems
inter rater reliability
the agreement between different people
giving/scoring the test
internal consistency
shows that different elements of the test
measure the same thing/contribute in similar ways to the
outcome
content validity
does the test draw on behaviour/ use items
that are relevant to the construct measured
concurrent vailidity
do other constructs that are related to
the target of the test correlate with the test results?
predictive validity
does the test predict outcomes that we
would expect, based on the measured construct
incremental validity
provides unique
information not already available from other sources
what is a prognosis?
the course of an illness, the likelihood of recovery,
positive vs. negative outcomes
what is the Beck depression inventory
symptoms that may occur in depression
severity of symptoms
Achenbachs assesment measures
child behaviour checklist (ASEBA)
-assess symptoms of psychopathology across a broad range of
potential problems
what are the 3 personality inventories?
- personality assessment inventory: developed 1990s (likert scale)
- minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI-2): developed 1940s (true or false questions)
- millon clinical multiaxial inventory (MCMI-IV): published 1970s (true or false questions)
who is charles spearman and what did he do?
Goal of intellectual assessment fitness for military service
Spearman is credited with being the first to describe a theory
that included “g factor” (a general factor) of intelligence
what did robert sternberg do?
he created the information processing model:
Emphasizes the ways that humans acquire and work with information
what is IQ?
Intelligence Quotient, or a number that represents where
an individual’s measured intelligence falls within the parameters
of the normative sample from the measurement
what is the flynn effect?
developed countries have shown increases in scores
of intellectual functioning over
