Final exam Flashcards
what is community psychology?
a reciprocal relationship between individuals and their communities
what are the 4 psychological elements of community?
- interpersonal relationships (intimacy, connections, etc)
- occupations (employment opportunities, education caregiving, etc)
- basic needs (food, shelter + safety from injuries and violence)
- resources (infrastructure, income, natural resources, healthcare etc)
what are the 4 elements of community?
- Interpersonal Relationships – help, intimacy, connections, conflict
- Occupations – employment opportunities, production of/access to
resources for living, education, and caregiving. - Basic needs (food, shelter, safety from injury/violence)
- Resources – infrastructure, income, natural resources, health care, etc
what is prevention?
develop programs/interventions that reduce risk
what are the 3 types of prevention?
- Universal preventative interventions (for everyone)
- selective preventive interventions (for those who are at a higher risk for a particular disorder or problem
- indicated preventive interventions (for those who may develop problems or disorders in the future)
what are the 5 protective factors?
- Individual (adequate nutrition, problem-solving and intellectual functioning, optimistic, self-assurance, easy temperament, socially competent)
- family and social ( positive, supportive parenting, family harmony, supportive relationships)
- school context
- life events/ situations
- community and cultural factors
what is the triple p?
Positive Parenting Program (Matthew Saunders)
what are the 4 types of intervention
- Psychoeducation (Sharing information so a client/patient can learn more about their mental health disorder/diagnosis, Sharing information about a mental health disorder with families)
- skills training (learning and practicing activities that will improve mental health)
- operant learning applied behavioural analysis
- psychotherapy
what is psychotherapy?
informed and intentional application of clinical methods
helps to change emotions, behaviors, cognition
in the direct of the patient or client who wants
what is motivational interviewing?
Miller and Rollnick
-main principle: honoring the client’s choice of when/how to change
- supports client in making decisions based on their needs/values
What are the 2 foundations of CBT?
Cognitive therapy - (Beck)
- examining thoughts, identifying distortions, reframing thoughts
Rational-emotive behavior therapy- (Ellis)
-perceptions of events, rather than objective
events affect adjustment
What is it about therapy that heals?
Jerome Frank (1970s)
1. distressed person (DP) who feels stuck
2. DP visiting someone (healer) in the community who is recognized for their healing role
3. the healing setting, what the healer tells the DP about the problems instills hope for the DP
4. recognized rituals are part of the practice to produce healing
American Psychological Association task force:
John Norcross et al. 2002
-goals:
1. Identify the general elements of the helpful therapy relationship
2. identify the effective methods to adapt psychotherapy to client characteristics
what is health psychology?
-Professional (licensed and registered) Psychology Training
-Ontario: “Health and Rehabilitation Psychology”
1. Clinical Psychology Program with “practicum training” (supervised work experience during Masters/PhD)
what are the 5 types of neurological conditions?
- Congenital: Present at birth, related to genome
- Early-acquired: peri-natal, early serious illness/brain injury (brain tumors cancerous)
- Degenerative: multiple sclerosis, parkinsons
- Late-life neurocognitive: types of dementia
- traumatic brain injury (TBI): External or internal (ex, stroke)
