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BIOL 150 Midterm 1 > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the structure of the bodies of humans and animals

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The study of the functions of the structures of living things.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Frontal

A

Area of forehead

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4
Q

Buccal

A

Area of cheek

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5
Q

Cervical

A

Area of neck

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6
Q

Inguinal

A

Area of groin

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7
Q

Pedal

A

Area of foot

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8
Q

Hallux

A

Big toe

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9
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

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10
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

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11
Q

Orbital

A

Around the eye

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12
Q

Cephalic

A

Head area

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13
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit area

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14
Q

Mental

A

Chin area

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15
Q

Antecubital

A

Front of the elbow

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16
Q

Brachial

A

Upper arm

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17
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

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18
Q

Acromial

A

Shoulder

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19
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

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20
Q

Olecranal

A

back of elbow

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21
Q

Popliteal

A

back of knee

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22
Q

Sural

A

Calf

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23
Q

Calcaneal

A

heel of foot

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24
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

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25
Q

Umbilical region

A

Around the bellybutton

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26
Q

Epigastric region

A

Above the bellybutton

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27
Q

Hypogastric (pubic) region

A

Below the bellybutton

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28
Q

Right/Left Hypochondriac regions

A

Upper diagonal to umbilical region

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29
Q

Left/right lumbar region

A

to either side of belly button

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30
Q

To either side of the pubic region

A

Left/right inguinal regions

31
Q

Body cavity containing the Pleural and Pericardial cavities

A

Thoracic cavity

32
Q

Cavity containing the heart

A

Pericardial cavity

33
Q

Cavity containing the lungs

A

Pleural cavity

34
Q

Cavity containing the peritoneal, abdominal, and pelvic cavities

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

35
Q

Area between the pleural cavities containing the heart and esophagus

A

Mediastinum

36
Q

Cavity making up upper part of stomach

A

Abdominal cavity

37
Q

Cavity making up the bottom of the trunk

A

pelvic cavity

38
Q

Part of the abdominopelvic cavity on the outside

A

Peritoneal cavity

39
Q

Visceral

A

on the inside of a cavity

40
Q

Parietal

A

on the outside of a cavity

41
Q

Characteristics of true body cavities

A

Closed
Fluid-filled (serous fluid)
Lined with serous membrane (serosa)

42
Q

Cell-to-cell junction types

A

Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Gap junctions

43
Q

Junction that forms a leak proof barrier

has zonula adherens (holds cells together) and zonula occludens (forming tight seal)

A

Tight junctions

44
Q

Cell junction with sticky glycoproteins

can also stick to extracellular structures

A

Desmosomes

45
Q

Cell connection that has protein channels to allow for communication between cells

A

Gap junctions

46
Q

Hollow ball of cells that is the start of fetus development (gastrulation)

A

Blastocyte

47
Q

Layers of cells in blastocyte

A

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

48
Q

4 Types of tissues

A

Connective
Nerve
Muscle
Epithelial

49
Q

Types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

50
Q

Tissue that conducts action potential and is made of neurons and neuroglia (support cells)

A

Nerve tissue

51
Q

Tissue that provides outer layer for most body spaces

A

Epithelial tissue

52
Q

Characteristics of epithelium

A
  • Small amount of extracellualr matrix
  • covers body surfaces and forms some glands
  • can replace itself readily (contains stem cells)
  • No blood vessels, gets nutrients from diffusion
  • Has basement membrane of connective tissue to connect
53
Q

surface of epithelial tissue that is exposed (may have cillia or microvilli)

A

Apical surface

54
Q

Surface of epithelial tissue connecting to other epithelial cells

A

Lateral surface

55
Q

Surface of epithelial tissue attached to basement membrane

A

Basal surface

56
Q

connects epithlium to other tissues

A

Basement membrane

57
Q

Functions of epithelial tissue

A

Absorption
protection
barrier
secretion

58
Q

epithelium shapes

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

59
Q

Function and location of simple squamous

A

Diffusion, some absorption, secretion

Blood and lymph vessels, lung alveoli, eardrum, serous membranes

60
Q

simple cuboidal

A

secretion and absorption
have cilia or microvilli
kidney tubules, glands, termnial bronchioles

61
Q

simple columnar

A

secretion, absorption, movement of particles

Stomach, intestine, bronchioles, uterine tubes

62
Q

Stratified squamous

A

can be keritanized to prevent fluid loss, or not

protection from abrasion

63
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A

secretion, absorption, protection

ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands

64
Q

stratified columnar

A

Protection, secretion

Larynx, mammary gland ducts, male urethra

65
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Found in bladder, can be flat like squamous or expand to look more columnar

66
Q

Pseudostratifed columnar epithelium

A

Always ciliated, had goblet cells to make and secrete mucous

Nasal cavity, sinuses, bronchi of lungs, trachea

67
Q

Secretes onto body surface or into cavity, has ducts

A

Exocrine glandular epithelium

68
Q

Ductless, hormone-producing, secrete to extracellular space and flow into the blood

A

Endocrine glandular epithelium

69
Q

Goblet cells, e.g.

A

Unicellular exocrine gland

70
Q

Made of a duct and secretory portion

A

Multicellular exocrine gland

71
Q

Simple/compound multicellular exocrine gland

A

duct has/doesnt have branches

72
Q

Secretes product by exocytosis (cell is not altered)

Found in the pancreas

A

Merocrine multicellular gland

73
Q

Accumulates product, then ruptures to release

Sebaceous (oil) glands of skin

A

Holocrine Multicellular glands

BIOL 150 Midterm 1 (2 decks)

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