Middle East Flashcards

1
Q

Sykes-Picot agreement

A

secret agreement between Britain and France

division of Ottoman Empire

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2
Q

Balfour Declaration

A

British Prime Minister promised Jews an independent state if they funded the British

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3
Q

Camp David Peace Accords

A

took place b/c of the 6 day war

Egypt recognized Israel

Jimmy Carter, Sadat, and Begin met to discuss a treaty

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4
Q

Versailles Treaty

A

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 peace points

League of Nations mandated

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5
Q

Franklin Roosevelt

A

signs deal with Saudi’s for oil in exchange for military equipment

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6
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

14 peace points, self-determination

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7
Q

Jimmy Carter

A

first president to support the Mujaheddin, led failed mission to rescue Iranian hostages

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8
Q

Harry S. Truman

A

first President to recognize the independent Jewish nation

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9
Q

Yasser Arafat

A

Palestinian leader

attempted to make peace w/ Israel

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10
Q

Yitzhak Rabin

A

former prime minister of Israel

assassinated b/c of his desire to make peace with Arafat and Palestine

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11
Q

Saddam Hussein

A

leader of Iraq during the Iraq War, we provided him with materials and weapons

was later condemned and accused of having WMD by Bush

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12
Q

Ayatollah Khomeini

A

fundamentalist forces seized US embassy in Iran during the 1979 hostage crisis

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13
Q

Anwar Sadat

A

3rd president of Egypt

assassinated by fundamentalists

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14
Q

OPEC

A

controls petroleum imports/exports

placed an oil embargo on the US after we recognized Israel

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15
Q

Gamal Abd al-Nasser

A

2nd president of Egypt

worked with Jordan during their civil war

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16
Q

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

A

shah of Iran until overthrown in the Iranian Revolution

17
Q

Mohammad Mossadegh

A

Iranian leader overthrown by CIA and Eisenhower

18
Q

Bashar as-Assad

A

current president of Syria

19
Q

King Abdullah

A

king of Jordan

20
Q

Osama Bin Laden

A

head of Taliban forces

killed in 2011

21
Q

Bill Clinton

A

launched tomahawk missiles on Taliban’s headquarters

22
Q

George W. Bush

A

created the Bush Doctrine following 9/11

unilateral military action whenever the US is threatened

23
Q

Ronald Reagan

A

Iran-Contra scandal

24
Q

Barack Obama

A

Iran Nuclear Deal

25
Q

Benjamin Netanyahu

A

current prime minister of Israel

26
Q

Lenoid Brezhnev

A

invaded Afghanistan

Soviets afraid of fundamentalist Muslisms

27
Q

Hamas

A

Palestinian Sunni Islamist militant group

recognized as terrorists

fighting against Israel

28
Q

Hezbollah

A

Lebanese Shiite Islamist militant group

large presence in Syria

fighting to end Israeli control of a strip in Lebanon

29
Q

al-Qaeda

A

Sunni Islamist extremist group

began fighting with the US against the Soviets

30
Q

Six Day War

A

1967

Israel doubles in size

31
Q

Yom Kippur War

A

Israel is almost defeated

Nixon works to help negotiate

32
Q

Hasan Rouhani

A

current elected president of Iran