Middle East

Question 1

Sykes-Picot agreement

Answer 1

secret agreement between Britain and France

division of Ottoman Empire

Question 2

Balfour Declaration

Answer 2

British Prime Minister promised Jews an independent state if they funded the British

Question 3

Camp David Peace Accords

Answer 3

took place b/c of the 6 day war

Egypt recognized Israel

Jimmy Carter, Sadat, and Begin met to discuss a treaty

Question 4

Versailles Treaty

Answer 4

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 peace points

League of Nations mandated

Question 5

Franklin Roosevelt

Answer 5

signs deal with Saudi’s for oil in exchange for military equipment

Question 6

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 6

14 peace points, self-determination

Question 7

Jimmy Carter

Answer 7

first president to support the Mujaheddin, led failed mission to rescue Iranian hostages

Question 8

Harry S. Truman

Answer 8

first President to recognize the independent Jewish nation

Question 9

Yasser Arafat

Answer 9

Palestinian leader

attempted to make peace w/ Israel

Question 10

Yitzhak Rabin

Answer 10

former prime minister of Israel

assassinated b/c of his desire to make peace with Arafat and Palestine

Question 11

Saddam Hussein

Answer 11

leader of Iraq during the Iraq War, we provided him with materials and weapons

was later condemned and accused of having WMD by Bush

Question 12

Ayatollah Khomeini

Answer 12

fundamentalist forces seized US embassy in Iran during the 1979 hostage crisis

Question 13

Anwar Sadat

Answer 13

3rd president of Egypt

assassinated by fundamentalists

Question 14

OPEC

Answer 14

controls petroleum imports/exports

placed an oil embargo on the US after we recognized Israel

Question 15

Gamal Abd al-Nasser

Answer 15

2nd president of Egypt

worked with Jordan during their civil war

Question 16

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Answer 16

shah of Iran until overthrown in the Iranian Revolution

Question 17

Mohammad Mossadegh

Answer 17

Iranian leader overthrown by CIA and Eisenhower

Question 18

Bashar as-Assad

Answer 18

current president of Syria

Question 19

King Abdullah

Answer 19

king of Jordan

Question 20

Osama Bin Laden

Answer 20

head of Taliban forces

killed in 2011

Question 21

Bill Clinton

Answer 21

launched tomahawk missiles on Taliban’s headquarters

Question 22

George W. Bush

Answer 22

created the Bush Doctrine following 9/11

unilateral military action whenever the US is threatened

Question 23

Ronald Reagan

Answer 23

Iran-Contra scandal

Question 24

Barack Obama

Answer 24

Iran Nuclear Deal

Question 25

Benjamin Netanyahu

Answer 25

current prime minister of Israel

Question 26

Lenoid Brezhnev

Answer 26

invaded Afghanistan Soviets afraid of fundamentalist Muslisms

Question 27

Hamas

Answer 27

Palestinian Sunni Islamist militant group recognized as terrorists fighting against Israel

Question 28

Hezbollah

Answer 28

Lebanese Shiite Islamist militant group large presence in Syria fighting to end Israeli control of a strip in Lebanon

Question 29

al-Qaeda

Answer 29

Sunni Islamist extremist group began fighting with the US against the Soviets

Question 30

Six Day War

Answer 30

1967 Israel doubles in size

Question 31

Yom Kippur War

Answer 31

Israel is almost defeated Nixon works to help negotiate

Question 32

Hasan Rouhani

Answer 32

current elected president of Iran