Middle Ages through The Reformation Flashcards
How did Islam spread so far, and why didn’t it spread to Europe? (732)
-Lack of imperial resistance
-Charles Martel defeats Muslims
___ was the first to be given Divine Right (751)
Pepin, son of Martel
Wanted to make city of man like city of god
Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne the Great
Why is the feudal pyramid inaccurate?
More of a spiderweb, leaves out nuns, Jewish, and the large amount of peasants.
Lay Investiture:
Secular figures appointing religious roles of power
Lay investiture ended when:
Gregory 7th was against it
Henry 4th was against Gregory, excommunicated
Apologized
Both lay investiture and excommunication reversed
Concordant of words:
king nominates people, pope can veto
Hierarchy of the church:
Pope
Cardinal
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests
Monks/nuns
(Before crusades) Selijuk Turks captured Baghdad in
1055
Pope Urban II joined the holy war because
he saw an opportunity to unite the west
The first crusade lasted from
1095 - 1099
The french knights
established a feudal system in the middle east
(first crusade) Jerusalem fell in
1099
The third crusade lasted from
1189 - 1192
The third crusade was motivated by
the reconquering of Jerusalem
the Crusades of the thirteenth century failed because
There was no support from popes
The Norman Invasion started because in 1350
Ottoman Turks captured the Middle East, causing a second wave of Turks
____ reorganized England as a feudal system after he ____ in ____
William I, won the battle of Hastings, Oct 14 1066
___ signed the ___ in ___
King John, Magna Carta, 1215
The Hundred Years war lasted from
1337 - 1453
The ___ were crushed at the Battle of Agincourt
French
The English declared war when
Philip seized Gascony
Henry V renewed the war in ___ after ___ years of peace
1374, 20
The English were successful in the first stage of war because
They had ranged weapons
Received visions saying she was meant to ascend Charles Dauphin to kinghood and save France
Joan of Arc
Charles VII was crowned
July 1429
Who protected Martin Luther and why?
German princes, for more power of their own
