Middle ages study Flashcards
Who was Charlemagne?
King of the Franks.
Who was William the Conqueror?
(Hint: England, or France)
First Norman King of England.
What is a Pope?
The Bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church.
What is a Cardinal?
A high-ranking dignitary, a member of the College of Cardinals, who serves as advisors to the Pope and, most importantly, elects a new Pope in a conclave.
What is an Archbishop?
The chief bishop responsible for an archdiocese.
What is a Bishop?
A senior member of the Christian clergy usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.
What is a Priest?
An ordained minister of the Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican Church having the authority to perform certain rites and administer certain sacraments.
(Someone who preaches a certain religion)
What are Fiefs?
An estate of land, especially one held on to condition of feudal service.
What are Lords?
Someone or something having power, authority, or influence; a master or ruler.
What are Knights?
A man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor.
What is a Page?
A young boy, typically of noble birth, who served as a personal attendant or servant to a nobleman or knight, often as the first step in training for knighthood.
What is a Squire?
A young man, often of noble birth, who served as an attendant to a knight, aspiring to become a knight himself, learning the skills and duties of knighthood through practical experience.
What is a Lady?
The wife of a lord or a woman of noble status.
Who are Monks?
A man who dedicated his life to a religious order, living in a monastery and following a strict discipline of prayer, work, and often, vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.
(Don’t talk alot of times, because of vow to not speak)
Who are Nuns?
A woman who belonged to a religious order, typically living under solemn vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, dedicating her life to prayer, religious study, and serving the community.
What is a Diocese?
A territorial area administered by a bishop.
What are Freemen?
A commoner who was not a serf or slave.
What are Vassals?
Someone who swore loyalty and service to a superior lord, or suzerain, as part of feudalism.
Who are Serfs?
The poorest of the peasant class, and were a type of slave.
What is a Medieval Manor?
A large estate granted to a lord by the king.
What is the Feudal System?
A social and political structure where land ownership was exchanged for loyalty and service, with the king at the top, followed by nobility, and peasants at the bottom.
What is a Monastery?
An enclosed and sometimes remote community of monks led by an abbot who shunned worldly goods to live a simple life of prayer and devotion.
What does it mean to Anoint?
To make someone holy in a religious ceremony and/ or to make someone king or queen, especially as part of a religious ceremony.
(by putting holy water/ oil on them)
Who is an Emperor?
The ruler of the Holy Roman Empire.
What is a Noble?
The dynastic upper class of Europe.
Who were the Franks?
A Germanic people who conquered Gallia (Gaul), and made it Francia (France).
Who are the Angles?
A member of a Germanic tribe closely linked to the Jutes and Saxons, thought to have originated in Schleswig-Holstein or Denmark.
Who are the Saxons?
Members of a Germanic people who in ancient times lived in modern Schleswig and along the Baltic coast.
Who were the Vikings?
Raiders, pirates, traders, explorers, and colonizers during the 9th to 11th century.
Who were the Magyars?
A nomadic people who originated in the Eurasian Steppe, eventually settling in the Carpathian Basin (modern-day Hungary) and establishing a kingdom.
- What religion was thriving during the early medieval age?
Christianity
- Describe the Catholic Churches hierarchy?
It was a pyramid system (Like the caste system)
What is a parish?
A group of Priests
What is a diocese? What is archdiocese?
A dioceses and archdiocese are the same thing
- What types of books did monks copy?
They copied mostly religious nature and ancient writings and both were by hand
How did the Roman Catholic Church play a role in the political and economic s during the medieval ages?
Because the Pope controlled the Papal Estates
Who controlled vast amounts of land?
The Church
What were the Canon Law?
A set of laws of the Church
- What was power based on?
Ownership of land
- Who was Charles Martel?
A Frankish leader
- How were land owners tied to military service?
Fiefs gave soldiers money to buy horses/ and equipment for battle
- Who ruled after Charlemagne’s death?
There was no central government after Charlemagne’s death
(AKA nobody King/ Queen ruled)
- What role did nobles play after Charlemagne’s death?
They were the people the king’s relied on for food, horses, and equipment in battle
(AKA they helped the Kings/ Queen)
- What is feudalism?
Where nobles owned land and had most of the power
- What rigid class system developed in the Medieval society?
Medieval society
- What is a Vassal? What types of duties did they perform?
They were at the top of the rigid class, they worked for kings the fief, and they helped the lord (There ruler) in battle
- How were castles constructed in the late 1100’s?
They were designed as fortresses
- What was the Code of chivalry?
It was a code to become a knight
- What are the stages to become a knight?
At age 7 you start as a page, then at age 15 you are a squire
- What were the duties of a Lady?
Helping run the estate, raising/educating the children under her care
educating her own children, and children under hercare
- What is the difference between a serf and a freeman?
Freemen had a skill (Usually), serfs where the nobles property and bound to that land by contract
