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ENG4U > Middle Ages Review > Flashcards

Middle Ages Review Flashcards

1
Q

When did the Middle Ages start and Finish?

A

Start of Middle Ages 410: Fall of Rome/Roman Empire

End of Middle Ages 1453: Conquest of Constantinople

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2
Q

What are the few ways the Early Middle Ages are known for?

A

Dark ages of Western Europe
Islamic Golden Age: Islamic philosophy and science was way more advanced than Western Europe.
425-1066: Angelo Saxon Period

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3
Q

Describe the Early Middle Ages

A

No unity, isolated and usually lots of barbaric invasions.

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4
Q

The Middle Ages was from which centuries?

A

5th to 15th century. Known for it’s weied opposites, relgion, and darkness.

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5
Q

What happened during the Anglo Saxon Period?

A

At the end of 8th century, a rise in architecture and state buildings.

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6
Q

What were the three different follows of the Catholic Church and explain what each one did?

A

St. Benedict (480-547)- Benedictines; Outlined monasticism; how to live a day-day life.
St. Dominic (1170-1221)- Dominicans; founded democratic principles
St. Francis of Assisi (1181-1226)- Franciscans: embraced a live of poverty

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7
Q

What is monasticism?

A

Religious practice/movement who’s followers fully devotes themselves to their spiritual works; usually by isolating themselves and fully devoting themselves into their practice.
The Benedictines usually have monastic lives.

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8
Q

Charlemagne

A

“Charles the Great” first to expand as a political figure

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9
Q

Coroation-806

A

After the fall of the Roman Empire, they wanted to unify Europe with one pope at the head of the Catholic Church.
Only people who lived near or were with the Church were literate, and people usually wanted to go there to escape poverty.

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10
Q

Flying Buttresses (5th-6th century)

A

Big walls with tiny windows. First introduction to stain glass windows. Composed of an arch that extends to an upper potion of a wall to a portion of great mass.
First introduction to gothic style buildings.

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11
Q

High Middle Ages

A

1,000-1300

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12
Q

1066

A

Norman Conquest: William the Conquer unifies England under one monarch. He builds the Tower of London as a symbol of this conquer.

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13
Q

Mohammed (570-632)

A

Conquers Holy Lands

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14
Q

What are crusades and who is Pope Urban? (1095)

A

Crusade: religious wars intended and directed by the Church to take back the Holy Lands from Islamic rule.
Pope Urban was one of the firsts to perform a crusade.

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15
Q

Summa Theologica

A

St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
Describes the relationship between God and man and explain how man’s agreement with the divine is made possible through Christ.
Decline of Catholic virtues is decreasing for people outside of the Catholic church.

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16
Q

He wrote the Divine Comedy

A

Dante (1265-1321): tried to depict what heaven, hell, and purgatory look like

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17
Q

Wrote the Canterbury Tales

A

Chaucer (1340-1400)

First person to write in English. Is a collection of stories about pilgrimage.

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18
Q

11th-13 centuries

A

Urbanization in Europe and military expansion.

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19
Q

12th-13th centuries

A

Technological advances that led to the Age of Exploration. Ultimately led to Black Death:(
Aristotle become important in respect to rational and logical knowledge
Religious practices come mostly in monastic forms.

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20
Q

Late Middle Ages (1378-1453)

A

Black Death; calamity

Lots of Wars

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21
Q

What three splits happen in the Church that were most common?

A

Western Schism
Avignon Pope
Papal Indulgences

22
Q

1517

A

Protestant Rein formation/ Martin Luther 95 thesis on why the Church is bad.

23
Q

Henry the 8th

A

(1534) Breaks from Rome and the normal Catholic Church, which began royalty upon nation states in England & France.
Wanted to divorce with his wife without the Church

24
Q

Hundred Years War (1337-1453)

A

War between England & France that gave rise to patriotism, new weapons, and standing armies.

25
Q

Where did the Bubonic plague originate?

A

China/Mongolia. Trading let to fleas that lived in rates which got to Europe and attacked humans.

26
Q

Symptoms of plague

A

Boiling
Bad smell
5hours-5days until death!

27
Q

Bad treatments for plague

A

Blood cutting, pouring blood into a bowl to stop infection but caused it to spread even more
Flowers to avoid bad smell (did really nothing)

28
Q

How did the Earth and planets be the cause of the plauge? (by the people)

A

Earthquakes

Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter alignment

29
Q

Who were the flagellants?

A

Went town to town offering to take the sins of people and do it for them. Led to even more spreading of plague.
They thought that doing this they will not get the plague.

30
Q

Why were the Jews treated as scapegoats

A

Jews were easy targets. Burned down their communities and blammed them for spreading the disease.
As about a 3rd to a half of the population of Europe was killed, Poland opened their doors to the Jews and led to WWII.

31
Q

Where does the plague still reside?

A

South Africa, Saudi Arabia, and America.

32
Q

Biblical Pageant Plays

A

The retelling of biblical stories; often in the New Testament. Often to tell stories to the illiterate.

33
Q

Morality Plays

A

Allegories; to personify virtues and vices; teach audience how to live a moral life.

34
Q

Define:

  • Pilgrimage
  • Reckoning
  • Respite
A

Pilgrimage: A journey to a place to explore their new self and achieve higher goods and wisdom through experience.
Reckoning: God’s particular judgement to explain your actions.
Respite: short period of rest/relief

35
Q

Define:

  • Reverence
  • Virtue
  • Vice
A

Reverence: Deep respect to something or someone
Virtue: Behaviour showing high moral standards
Vice: Immortal or wicked behaviour

36
Q

Seven redeeming virtues

A 
Chasity
Temperance
Charity
Diligence 
Fortitude 
Hope
Faith
37
Q

Seven Deadly Sins

A 
Pride
Greed
Lust
Envy
Gluttony
Wrath
Sloth
38
Q

Seven Deadly Sins

A 
Pride
Greed
Lust
Envy
Gluttony
Wrath
Sloth
39
Q

What did Death tell Everyman to bring with him?

A

The Book of Count

40
Q

How much money did Everyman offer to Death?

A

A thousand pounds

41
Q

What does Everyman say he is unready for?

A

His book of reckoning. He wanted to respite of 12 years.

42
Q

Why can nobody escape Death?

A

Adam’s sin; we were once immortal beings, only until we became mortal with the first sin.

43
Q

Where did Everyman go to comfort him on his pilgrimage but left him along the way?

A

Fellowship
Kindred
Goods

44
Q

When Death came to Everyman, who were the oness who fled?

A

Beauty
Strength
Everyman

45
Q

Who were the people who stayed with Everyman until the end? What does this symbolize?

A

Good-deeds and her sister knowledge. Material things such as strength, goods, and beauty are only temporary in this moral universe, and only until we die the only things people will remember is our knowledge and good-deeds we have done to the people.

46
Q

How did the Angel describe the reckoning Everyman performed while on his pilhramidge?

A

Crystal clear. He has repented and reckoned to God for his sins.

47
Q

Garment of Sorrow

A

Horse-hair shirt; always be on your toes; getting into the comfort zone can lead to problems down the road.

48
Q

Job & Everyman

A

Everyman never thanked God once for his materialistic Goods and performed many deadly sins.
Job, even when he lost everything, still prayed and thanked God and repented.

49
Q

What is God upset about?

A

People have forgotten to follow the seven deadly virtues and forgot what God has done for the people.

50
Q

What were the excuses made by Everyman’s peers?

A

Cousin; I have a cramp in my toe
Kindred: I have a maid
Fellowship: I will go, but as long it won’t affect me! He does not like Everyman’s final intention for the pilgrimage.

51
Q

Where does knowledge take everyman?

A

With knowegde, she takes him down to confessions, where now good-deeds can rise. These people are the only ones who stay with him until the end.

52
Q

What happens to the physical characters once Everyman enters the grave?

A

Beauty, strength, discretions, and five senses all fade away. Good-deeds and knowledge are the only ones that one will remember about you after you die.

ENG4U (3 decks)

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