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Middle Ages Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Middle Ages start with?

A

ThE fall of the Roman Empire

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2
Q

Middle Ages was the period between the ______ and the ——– world

A

Ancient and modern

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3
Q

What caused the name of the period called the dark ages

A

Be cause Western Europe was so illiterate and backward

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4
Q

The ——- created a new civilization that combines elements of the ——-, ———, and the ——- cultures with Christian beliefs

A

Greeks, Romans and Germanic

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5
Q

Who are the Frank’s

A

The strongest if the Germanic tribes

Modern France

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6
Q

Who was Clovis?

A

The first barbarian king to accept Christianity.

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7
Q

Who were mayors of the palace and who did they replace

A

Government officials, they replaced the Kings.

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8
Q

Who was Charles Martel
What was he known as?
Who did he defeat at the battle of ——
What was the effect that this had

A

The first mayor of the palace.
He was known as the savior of Christianity
He defeated the Muslims at the battle of tours
This stopped the Spanish Muslims invasion of Europe and insured that Christianity would remain the dominant religion of Europe

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9
Q

T or false

The Catholic Church supported Charles

A

T

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10
Q

What did Charles do in exchange for the Catholics church’s support

What was it called?
Where was it?
What is it today?

A

He gave them a large chunk of land in ITALY known as the Papal States today called the Vatican.

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11
Q 
Who is Charlemagne?
What did he become?
What is he known for?
Who did he defeat and what did he create?
What did the pope do for him?
How many countries did he devide into.
Who helps rule his empire?
A

Charles the great
Becomes the new Frankish King
Being the father of Europe/western civilization *very influential
He defeated the barbarian German pagans and creates the Frankish empire
HE CREATES A NEW CHRISTIAN ROMAN EMPIRE
rewarded by pope by being crowned the first **holy Roman emporer
He decided the empire into 350 countries
The counts help him rule his empire

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12
Q

What are the missi dominici

A

They are Royal messengers sent out to keep an eye in the counts of the emporer.

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13
Q

Who was Charlemagnes son?
Was he good at his job?
What happened at his death?
What is the cause for his mistake?

A

Luis the pius
He was not a strong leader
At his death three grandsons of Charlemagne split the empire into three parts.
Charlemagnes unified empire collapses and leaves room for invasion and chaos.

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14
Q

Name the groups that brought an end to the Christian Roman Empire

A

Muslims
Vikings
Magyars

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15
Q 
Who were the Vikings?
What kingdoms were they from
How did they travel?
Where did they attack?
What kind of people were they?
Why were they the most feared group in europe?
A

The Vikings were Norsemen
They were from Norway, Denmark, and Sweden
They traveled in long boats
They raided the coastal towns of Western Europe
They were a trading people
They were feared because no place was safe from them

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16
Q

Norse mythology

A

Religion - polytheistic

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17
Q

Who is Odin

A

Chief of the gods

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18
Q

Who is Thor

A

God of Thunder and battle

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19
Q

Who is Loki

A

The trickster God of mischiefs

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20
Q

What was the effect of the raids of the Vikings

A

They greatly weakened monarchs and kings and isolated the European communities. Ultimately is caused feudalism.

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21
Q

What is feudalism

A

A system of government that stressed mutual alliances between monarchs and nobles

Based on the giving of land to the nobles in exchange for military aid and protection.

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22
Q

Lord =
Vassal =
Serfs=

A

A noble who gave the land
A noble that received the land and serves the lord
The people who worked the land

23
Q

Social society

  1. )
  2. )
  3. )
  4. )
A

King/clergy
Nobles/Lords
Knights/Vassals
Peasants/Serfs

24
Q

What is an homage

A

A ceremony in which the vassal pledged his loyalty to the lord. (Land for protection)

25
Q

What is a fief

A

Land granted by the lord to the vassal

26
Q

What is the manor

A

The lords estate

27
Q

What are knights

A

Mounted warriors that provided protection to the lord

28
Q

How many rights did a lady or noble woman have?
When was she married?
To whom was she married to?

A

No rights,
Married at her 21st
Her father selected

29
Q

What are troubadours

A

Traveling poets and musicians

30
Q

Name the 3 levels of knightst training

A

Page: age of 7 - learned manners and use of weapons and how to ride a horse
Squire: age of 14 - assistant to the knight/protect In battle
Knight: after he proved himself in battle - ceremony called knighthood

31
Q

What is chivalry

A

Knights code of conduct strictly followed.

32
Q

Name some of the holidays made up just to call a truce

A

Peace of God: (PAX DELI) peasants and clergy were not to be harmed during warfare. Under protection of the church

Truce of God:’(Treug deli) No warfare on holidays, and Sunday’s

33
Q

What are the clergy?

What was emir influence?

A

Bishops and priests

LOTS OF POWER AND INFLUENCE

34
Q

Was is the canon law?

A

Church law more powerful than the civil law

35
Q

Why did the church have so much power?

A

It came from e threat of excommunication.

36
Q

What is excommunication?

A

Individual banishment from the church

37
Q

What is an interdict?

A

Entire kingdom banished from the church

38
Q 
Who was King authors dad?
Who was Merlin?
Who was he raised by? Until what age?
Who is his stepbrother?
When did he become king? Why.
A

King uther pendragon
Merlin was his magician and close advisor
He was raised by sir ector (step father) until he was 15 yrs old
His step brother was sir Kay
He became king at fifteen years of age because he pulled a sword out of a stone.

39
Q

Who gave author the sword called —–

A

Lady of the lake gave author the sword called Excalibur.

40
Q 
What does King author do?
What is his kingdom called?
Who does he marry?
Her father gives her a dowry
What is a dowry?
What does it represent?
A

He United England and brings peace after many years of war.
His kingdom is called Camelot
He married queen Guinevere
Her father gives her a dowry, round table,
It represents that all of his knights that sat at the table were equal

41
Q

Who were his major knights?

A
  1. )Lancelot
  2. ) Gawain
  3. ) Galahad
42
Q

What is known as heaven on earth?

A

Camelot

43
Q

What happens between Lancelot and Guinevere?

A

Fall in love

44
Q

What does the word crusade mean?

A

Going to the cross

45
Q

What were the crusades?

  1. )
  2. )
A

Wars between the Christians and Muslims fought over the holy land
Jerusalem and surrounding area

46
Q

Why was the holy land holy to all three people’s?

A

Jews: solomans temple and wailing wall

  1. ) land of Jesus’s ministry
  2. ) Rock where Muhammad ascended to heaven
47
Q

How many crusades were there?

A

Nine

48
Q

What happened when the Arab Muslims took over Jerusalem

A

It was renamed Palestine

Period of religious toleration

49
Q

What happened when the Seljuk Turks took over

A

No more religious toleration

3000 Christians and massacred

50
Q

What was the spark that brought about the crusades?

A

The slaughter of the Christians

51
Q

What was the major goal of the crusades?

A

Take back the holy land

52
Q

1st crusade
—– calls in all Christians to ——- from the ——
———- is their battle cry
Succeed or lose?

A

Pope urban 2, reclaim the holy land, Muslims
God wills it
Succeeded

53
Q

Children’s crusades
Who led them?
Did they succeed?
What happened to the children

A

12 Year old Nicholas led the army of 50,000
They never got there
Many died, most were taken as slaves

54
Q

Major goal of the crusades

A
  1. ) created a division between the Christians and the Muslims that still lasts to this day
  2. )end of the dark ages

WH (6 decks)

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