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History Summer > Middle Ages > Flashcards

Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Friars

A

Monks that travelled to places helping the poor

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2
Q

Name one group of Friars

A

Franciscans named after St.Francis of Assai

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3
Q

When did Friars appear

A

Around 1200

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4
Q

What rule did medical monks follow

A

St.Benidict rule

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5
Q

What was state St.Benidict rule?

A

Strict timetable monks followed

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6
Q

What were matins?

A

Prayers monks sang first thing in the morning at church

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7
Q

What time did monks wake up?

A

3am

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8
Q

What time did monks go to sleep

A

8pm

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9
Q

Who was an abbot

A

Head of monastery, elected by monks

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10
Q

Who was an Almoner?

A

Looked after the poor

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11
Q

Who was the infirmarian?

A

Looked after sick

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12
Q

Who was the holster

A

Looked after the travellers

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13
Q

What was the church

A

Monks prayed here 7 times a day

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14
Q

What was a cloisters

A

Where monks walked and prayed

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15
Q

What was the chapter house

A

Where business was discussed by monks, also abbot was elected here

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16
Q

What was the guest house

A

Where monks gave food to the poor people

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17
Q

What was the refectory

A

Where monks ate meals

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18
Q

What was the infirmary

A

Where monks took care of the sick

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19
Q

What was the guest house

A

Where monks gave food to poor people

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20
Q

What was a boy called when he joined a monastery

A

Novice

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21
Q

What did a boy do if he was good enough to. E a monk

A

Abbot had to pick him, he would let him take the Solemn vows

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22
Q

What were the solemn vows

A

Promises of Poverty, chastity, obedience

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23
Q

How was a monks hair cut

A

Tonsure - bald patch

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24
Q

What were the women’s praying communities called

A

Convents-nuns

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25
Q

What were the men’s praying communities called

A

Monasteries-monks

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26
Q

What’s another name for an monastery

A

Abbey

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27
Q

What was the head of a monastery called

A

Abbot

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28
Q

What was the head of a convent called

A

Abbess

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29
Q

Which came first, Romanesque or Gothic

A

Romanesque

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30
Q

Describe Romanesque churches

A

Round arches, thick round columns, and dark interiors (Windows were small)

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31
Q

Describe gothic churches

A

Spires and towers, arches over Windows, doors were pointed, arches outside FLYING BUTRESSES, stained glass windows, gargoyles

32
Q

What did flying BUTRESSES do

A

Inside of church could now be held up by slim columns , allowed big windows

33
Q

What was a guild

A

Set standards of work & wages-looked after old &sick members-SET Examinations for people to make sure they were good at their trade

34
Q

How could you become a craftswomen

A

If husband died

35
Q

State the three stages of becoming a craftsmen

A

Apprentice-Journey man-Master

36
Q

What was a charter

A

Legal document in which the King agreed to let a town run its own affairs

37
Q

Where did rich merchants live

A

High street

38
Q

What was curfew

A

At sunset bells rang this meant all fires MUST be put out

39
Q

What was in the middle of the street

A

Open drain

40
Q

Name a common skin disease

A

Leprosy (lepers)

41
Q

When did a great plague happen

A

1347 &1350

42
Q

What happened if you had the Black Death

A

Swelling under neck, armpit and groin

43
Q

How was Black Death caused

A

Fleas carried by the black rat

44
Q

What was a toll

A

Tax traders had to pay at towns gates

45
Q

How did a lady marry

A

By contract organised by parents

46
Q

What skills did lady’s learn

A

Needlework, weaving, music, embroidery, curing illness

47
Q

What did rich men wear

A

Tunics, leather pointed shoes (stuffed with horse hair)

48
Q

What did women wear

A

Long dresses made of wool, headdress called a wimple

49
Q

Name a popular hobby

A

Hawking (training Hawks to hunt)

50
Q

What was a tournament

A

Jousting=1 on 1 Melees=group

51
Q

What did they eat on in castle

A

Wooden boards or slices of bread called trenches

52
Q

When was the Middle Ages

A

AD500 to about 1500

53
Q

What happened due to no central government

A

Towns fell into ruin bandits and outlaws

54
Q

What was the feudal system

A

People looked up to Lord for protection so this was his system

55
Q

What was the Kings land called in the feudal system

A

Demented = 1/4

56
Q

What were the kings followers called in the feudal system

A

Vassals some were lords

57
Q

What did lords give to knights in the feudal system

A

Some of their land in return for fighting

58
Q

What did peasants do in the feudal system

A

Farmed land, payed heavy taxes

59
Q

What were the two kinds of peasants

A

Serfs and freemen

60
Q

Who were serfs

A

Most common peasant, belonged to Lord and farmed his land

  • Got small piece of land and had to work on lords land in return
  • couldn’t leave or get married w/out permission
61
Q

What were freemen

A

Didn’t give free labour but paid rent

  • travelled and married as they pleased
  • Still had to pay taxes to priest
62
Q

What was the tithe

A

Name used for paying for mass

63
Q

Where did the blacksmith work

A

Forge-made knives and axes

64
Q

What was a note and Bailey castle

A

Small hill called motte-wooden fort-below fort, Bailey fort

65
Q

What was the keep

A

Main building-Lord and lady lived here-Windows were slits

66
Q

What were the battle ments

A

At top of keep

67
Q

What were curtain walls

A

Outer walls of castle

68
Q

What were turrets

A

Strong towers along walls

69
Q

What was the drawbridge

A

Raised if enemy approached

70
Q

What was a portcullis

A

Iron gille-could be lowered over gate

71
Q

What was a ramparts

A

Ran along top of walls

72
Q

What was the courtyard/Bailey

A

Open space

73
Q

What were the latrines

A

Toilets

74
Q

What was a siege

A

Enemy attacked and people went into hiding

75
Q

Where did the Lord live

A

Top of castle

76
Q

What was school like

A

Good manners and fighting skills were more important-only boys-5am,6pm

77
Q

Where did lady live

A

Solar room

History Summer (4 decks)

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