Mid term exam

Question 1

What is power?

Answer 1

The ability to achieve an objective by influencing the behaviours of others.

Question 2

What are the 4 different types of power?

Answer 2

Coercive, Persuasion, Leadership and Inducement

Question 3

What are faces?

Answer 3

Objectives that can be achieve with power

Question 4

What are the different types of faces? (Ability)

Answer 4

Ability to affect decisions, ability to esnure that issues are not raised, Ability to affect dominant ideas in society

Question 5

What are the different distrubtion in society?

Answer 5

Concentrated ( Elitist ) and Dispersed (`Pluralist)

Question 6

What is Authorithy ? What does it allow?

Answer 6

A form of power regarding the right to issue commands and make decisions. It allows more governance and less use of coercive power.

Question 7

What is legitimacy?

Answer 7

Believe in the rightness of rules.

Question 8

What are the three types of authority?

Answer 8

Charismatic Authorit ( Leader like Kim Jung Un), Rational-legal authority (Laws) and Traditional Authority. (Kings)

Question 9

What are the different approach to common good? Explain it

Answer 9

Individualist = Citizens are free to purse their own interest
Collectivist: Seek the interst of others.

Question 10

What categorise a state?

Answer 10

Monopoly over violence, Self-Governing ( sovereignty) , Territory, Rules, Performs key-functions. Also has a goverment and citizens.

Question 11

What is a nation? What does it share?

Answer 11

A group of people that share :

A common identity, a desire to self-govern, a common language, religion, values etc.

Question 12

What is nationalism ? What are the two different types?

Answer 12

Pride in one’s nation. Ethnic nationalism ( Based on race, language) and Civic nationalism ( Political values like Multicularalism and political history like war.)

Question 13

What is a nation-state?

Answer 13

Overlap of a single nation with a single state.

Question 14

What is freedom?

Answer 14

Ability to act as one wants, without interference restraints, coercion.

Question 15

What are the key ideas in modern politics?

Answer 15

1 : Nationalism and self-determination 2 : Ideologies ( Socialism etc) 3: Polical parties

Question 16

What is the state of nature? What is it suppose to explain?

Answer 16

A fictional condition of all humans before association ( creation of social and political bonds) Suppose to explain the origin of freedom and equality.

Question 17

What did Hobbes and Locke thought about the state of nature?

Answer 17

Hobbes : Humans are dangerous and selfish. Role of state is to establishe order. Main goal to keep people alive by restraing their freedom. Violent humans
Locke : Humans are rational and cooperative. Role of state is to protect life and liberty. Loyal humans.

Question 18

What is utilitarianism ? Where does freedom comes from for them?

Answer 18

The idea that life is about maximum pleasure and minimum pain. It is consequentialist. Freedom is a result of human nature.

Question 19

What is multiculturalism?

Answer 19

To keep one nation, people within that nation identify with races, nations, religions, because nation and culture is different. They do not want to self-govern.

Question 20

What is the veil of ignorance?

Answer 20

The idea that liberty and equality emerge from a hypothetical social contract. Meaning everyone should have equal chance in life, since you don’t know if you are going to be disabled.

Question 21

What is equality?

Answer 21

a value that goes with freedom. more freedom, less equality, more equality, less freedom.

Question 22

What are the three types of equality?

Answer 22

Equal rights ( everyone the same), equal opportunity ( same chance in life ), equal outcome ( same income, power )

Question 23

What is group equality?

Answer 23

Seeking equality for a group within a society.

Question 24

What is Affirmative action?

Answer 24

Policies designed to increase the proportion of persons with a disadvantage in various positions. It is a remedy for past discrimination. It is good to reach the common good.