Mid Term Flashcards
1
Q
What are the four steps of the CQI process
A
Plan do check act
2
Q
What are the different ways hemodialysis can be done
A
Standard in Center, nocturnal in center, standard home, nocturnal home, hemodialysis
3
Q
Prior to 1973 who chose which patients would receive dialysis
A
Life-and-death committees
4
Q
KIDNEY failure is the only disease with it’s own Medicare program true or false
A
True
5
Q
What are ways to be professional
A
Follow dress code, neat and clean appearance, good attitude, arriving to work on time,
6
Q
Medicare has present standards that all dialysis facilities must achieve or they risk losing Medicare certification. True or false
A
True
7
Q
Medicare pays what percent of the cost of dialysis
A
80%
8
Q
It is okay to drink in the clinical area, as long as there is a lid on true or false
A
False
9
Q
What is the single most effective way to protect yourself from infection
A
Good hand hygiene
10
Q
Peritoneal dialysis works for using a catheter in the abdomen true or false
A
True
11
Q
Hemodialysis works for using which of the following?
Fistula Catheter Graft None All the above
A
All of the above
12
Q
The dialysis outcomes of quality initiative guidelines did not include?
Anemia
Vascular access
HD adequacy
Transportation
A
Transportation
13
Q
Which of the following are the three most common causes of renal failure?
A
Diabetes, hypertension,glomerulonephritis !
14
Q
Homeostasis is defined as
A
Constant balance within the body
15
Q
Estimated dry weight is the weight of the patients if they had normal kidney function or with no extra water on them. True or false
A
True
16
Q
One of the medications given to renal patients to improve anemia is ?
A
Epogen
17
Q
Dominating the conversation is afraid of active listening.true or false
A
False
18
Q
The types of acute renal failure are?
A
Pre-, intra-and post
19
Q
Most kidney disease attacks the ???causing them to lose their filtering capacity
A
Nephron
20
Q
Kidney disease is defined in
A
Stages
21
Q
Chronic renal failure is a rapid loss of kidney function true or false
A
False
22
Q
Common symptoms of anemia include.select all that apply.
Fatigue Dizziness Hungry Short of breath Depressed
A
Fatigue, dizziness, short of breath
23
Q
The doctrine functions of the kidney include
A
Erythropoietin The active form of vitamin D
24
Q
Patients with kidney disease often complain of itching which is likely to be caused by
A
Hyperphosphatemia
25
Why do kidney patients often have bone disease
The kidney stops producing Calcitrol
26
See KD also known as chronic kidney disease patients must remember to take their ???? with each meal
Binders
27
Which lab is most commonly used to measure kidney function
BUN
28
When a patient's potassium is 12 mg/DL there's no cause for concern. True or false.
False
29
What are the different treatment options available when having chronic kidney disease.
Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, transplant, and palliative care
30
At what stage of chronic kidney disease to patients begin dialysis
Stage 5
31
A chronic kidney disease patients in the hospital orders a meal select which meal is the most appropriate.
6 ounces of salmon, asparagus, 10 ounces of water and a Jell-O cup
6 ounces of grilled chicken steamed green beans biscuit and 6 ounces of water
8 ounces grilled steak, squash, 8 ounces of cola, and a pudding cup
Chicken noodle soup, one piece of white bread, 6 ounces of water and a banana
6 ounces of grilled chicken, steamed green beans, biscuit and 6 ounces of water
32
What are some symptoms of Uremia? select all that apply
```
Fatigue
Binge eating
Itching
Edema
Foamy,bubbly urine
Nocturia
Irregular heartbeat
```
Fatigue, itching, edema, foamy bubbly urine, and nocturia
33
Match the labs with the correct value:
Potassium 1.2
Calcium 3.0-6.0
Phosphorus >4
Albumin 3.5-5.5
KT/V 8.5-10.5
```
Potassium 3.0 to 6.0
Calcium 8.5–10.5
Phosphorus 3.0–6.0
Albumin >4
KT/V 1.2
```
34
Why do you chronic kidney disease patients have to limit there and take a phosphorus and this two foods that are high and prosperous
Salmon and cheese
And patients with chronic kidney disease the body already cannot get rid of phosphorus so we just turn into phosphate in the body
35
Not following scientifically accepted principles and practices of infection control grounds for charges a professional misconduct.true or false
True
36
Persons who are asymptomatic May readily transmit infection if they are colonized, are incubating an infection, or chronic carrier of the infectious agent. True or false
True
37
Impairment of host offenses against infection may result from extremes of age, chronic kidney disease, malignancy, injury, or chemotherapy. True or false
True
38
Using appropriate hand hygiene products and procedures is the single most effective means of preventing the spread of infection. True or false
True
39
Every patient is treated using standard precautions while some patients also require transmission – based isolation precautions. True or false
True
40
Recapping needles is prohibited unless you use the following two-handed recapping method: placing a On a flat surface, grasp the needle firmly in one hand, remove Needle, place needle into the cap
True or false
False
41
Possibly contagious tuberculosis patients should be identified as soon as possible and isolated in the negative pressure room if one is available.true or false
True
42
Appropriate BBF protective attire for your eyes includes face shields and goggles. Your regular glasses are also appropriate if you wear a baseball cap with them. True or false
False
43
Rather then determining which protective barrier attire you need for anticipated risk of exposure you should wear gloves, gown, mask, and goggles for every patient contact.true or false
False
44
Hand hygiene must be employed after removing gloves because gloves do not completely prevent penetration of bacteria and viruses.true or false
True
45
Appropriate levels of knowledge of this infection/sterilization methods, and agents used are based on the area of professional practice and scope of responsibility. True or false
True
46
Prior to employment healthcare workers are assessed for overall health and immunization status.true false
True
47
The New York State division of health requires that cases of certain communicable diseases be reported to county and state health department so that screening and or treatment can be provided to contacts. True or false
True
48
The first up after receiving a contaminated needlestick or a blood body fluid exposure is to thoroughly and Methodically evaluate the incident report to see what changes of practice or safety device could have prevented the exposure. True or false
False
49
A person who is a source of a blood exposure must give consent before he is tested for HIV. True or false
True
50
Practice limitations, if any, on a HCW infected with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C, should be determined on a case-by-case basis considering the factors that influence the risk of transmission. True or false
True
51
Diffusion is the movement of particles from
An area of higher concentration
52
Negative pressure is pressure created when fluid is pulled through restriction such as a blood true or false
True
53
During dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when
Water is removed from the blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
54
What will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse across a semi permeable membrane
Hi concentration gradients
55
The purpose of using countercurrent flow is to
Increase the rate of waste removal
56
What's can dialysis staff do to reduce the risk of being infected with a blood borne pathogen
Proper handwashing wear protective clothing and don't eat or drink in the work area
57
A solution is a mixture of what
Solute and solvent
58
Sollecks does all best and warmer temperatures is this true or false
True
59
The filter in the dialyzer is what kind of membrane
Semi permeable
60
A solution with a lower level of solids of them blood is called what
Hypotonic
61
What is osmosis
A solvent moves from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration.
62
During dialysis we only can remove water and sound from which fluid compartment
Intravascular
63
A solution with the same level of solutes than blood is called what
Iso tonic
64
Name a solution we use during dialysis that has the same level of solids then blood
Normal saline, dialysate
65
What affects the rate of diffusion and dialysis?select all that apply.
Temperature
Surface area
Membrane permeability
The weather
Temperature, surface area, membrane permeability.
66
The dialysate bath is composed so that
It prevents the removal of essential electrolytes, and it removes waste from the blood.
67
The normal range of potassium is what
3 to 6
68
Name one food that is high in potassium
Bananas
69
Which of the following are the three most common causes of renal failure
Diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis
70
Kenny failure is the only disease with its own Medicare program true or false
True
71
Final bonus how do we remove fluid in taxes from all the fluid compartments in the body if dialysis can only clean the blood in the bloodstream
Ultrafiltration/solution such as isotonic hypertonic and hypotonic
72
After mixing which of the following is not present in the final dialysate composition
Bio carbonate
Sodium
Glucose
Urea
Urea
73
Dialysate that is too hot can cause
Hemolysis
74
In the Extracorporeal Circuit what negative pressure is monitored before the blood, indicating how well but is flowing out of the access
Arterial pressure
75
During hemodialysis which body fluid compartment is food removed from
Intravascular
76
When a major blood leak occurs while on a machine the blood is returned immediately true or false
False
77
What does dialysate mainly consist of
Water
78
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove waste from the body include
Surface area and molecular weight cut off
79
Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It contains a number of substances. What would a solution be?
Bicarbonate sodium and potassium
80
What are the two compartments of the dialyzer
Dialysate and blood
81
Why are synthetic dialysis membranes more biocompatible
They absorb more proteins in the blood
82
What coefficient represents the amount of water that will pass through a membrane at a given pressure
Ultrafiltration coefficient
83
How many times is the pH and conductivity checked prior to starting a patient's treatment
Twice
84
What are the ways heparin can be administered while on treatment
A bolus or continuous infusion
85
Blood leak detectors are extremely sensitive and can determine
Blood leakage immediately
86
```
Which of the following is not a dialyzer characteristic
Capacity
Clarence
Biocompatibility
Molecular weight cut off
```
Capacity
87
Which of the following is not a component of the extracorporeal circuit
But the detector
Blood pump
Heparin infusion line
Drip chamber
Blood leak detector
88
Which of the following best describes the transducer protector
Pump that moves the blood through the Extracorporeal Circuit
Device inside machine that converts air pressure into an electrical signal
Tubing that carries blood from the patient access to the dialyzer and back to the access
System that removes water from the blood
Device inside machine that converts air pressure into electrical signal
89
Contained inside the cell is known as
Intracellular
90
Why do patients need iron supplementation
Iron is necessary for maturation and formation of red blood cells
91
Dialysate that has two little sodium can cause
Low blood pressure, cramping and bursting of red blood cells
92
Two main types of dialysis are
Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis
