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MOR 224: Thanatomicrobiology/Pathology > Mid-Term > Flashcards

Mid-Term Flashcards

1
Q

What are qualities of a good disinfectant?

A
  • Should not destroy body tissues or act as a poison
  • Attacks all types of microorganisms
  • Penetrates material being disinfected
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2
Q

What is a cold chemical sterilant?

A

Glutaraldehyde

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3
Q

The most powerful means of sterilizing

A

Steam under pressure

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4
Q

Cold temperatures do not kill bacteria but simply slows their metabolic processes (T/F)

A

True

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5
Q

Large one-celled organisms that are eucaryotic

A

Protozoa

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6
Q

The disease that follows the initial disease

A

Secondary

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7
Q

These microorganisms are adaptable either to the presence or the absence of atmospheric oxygen

A

Facultative anaerobes

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8
Q

Bacteria that return nitrogen from the air to the soil in the form of nitrates for use by other plants

A

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

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9
Q

The cycle when the viral genetic material may remain latent or inactive in the cell and be transferred to each daughter cell when it divides

A

Lysogenic cycle

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10
Q

These organisms usually don’t produce disease as a part of their normal life cycle but will do so if given the chance

A

Opportunistic pathogens

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11
Q

Plant cells are:

A

Eukaryotic

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12
Q

In this type of infection the organism is confined to one area, but later enters the blood and / or lymph systems and spreads to other parts to become a systemic infection

A

Focal infections

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13
Q

Microorganisms used in vaccines

A

Attenuated

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14
Q

This division of microbiology is concerned with the spread and control of infectious diseases among animals, and the transmission of diseases from animals to humans

A

Veterinary

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15
Q

In this phase of bacterial growth, cell division equals cell death

A

Stationary

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16
Q

A disease that may be transmitted from one individual to another, either directly or indirectly

A

Communicable

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17
Q

The function of the mitochondria in the eukaryotic cell

A

Produce power for the cell by making ATP

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18
Q

A gram-negative organism will stain:

A

Red

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19
Q

This type of association is harmful to one of the organisms

A

Parasitism

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20
Q

Endospores are not used as a means of survival (T/F)

A

False

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21
Q

A spherically shaped bacteria

A

Cocci

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22
Q

Which of the following is always an obligate intracellular parasite

  • Rickettsia
  • Bacteria
  • Viruses
A
  • Richettsia

* Viruses

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23
Q

The presence of poisons produced by bacteria in the blood

A

Septicemia

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24
Q

Bacteria use sex pili as a means of transferring genetic material (T/F)

A

True

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25
Q

These organisms cannot make their own food

A

Heterotrophs

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26
Q

The lowest temperature at which a species will grow

A

Minimum temperature

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27
Q

Acts as a disinfectant as well as an antipolymerizing agent for formaldehyde

A

Methanol

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28
Q

The nucleus of _____ is membrane bound

A

Eukaryotes

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29
Q

Which part of the eukaryotic cell is responsible for protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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30
Q

Plasmyolysis is the shrinking of a cell (T/F)

A

True

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31
Q

The act of introducing disease-causing organisms or infected material into an area or substance

A

Contamination

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32
Q

Their enzyme systems are inactivated by free oxygen

A

Strict anaerobes

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33
Q

This type of association is beneficial to both of the organisms

A

Mutualism

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34
Q

Quaternary ammonium compounds are inactivated in the presence of soap (T/F)

A

True

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35
Q

In the eukaryotic cell the function of lysosomes is to:

A

Destroy worn out cell parts

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36
Q

The study of fungi

A

Mycology

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37
Q

Which of the following is the smallest organism

  • Bacteria
  • Chlamydia
  • Viruses
  • Protozoa
A

Viruses

38
Q

The alcohol washes away the primary stain in the Gram negative bacteria because:

A

The Gram negative bacteria has a thinner cell wall

39
Q

These consist of a genome surrounded by a capsid composed of many small protein units called capsomeres

A

Viruses

40
Q

Binary fission is a means of:

A

Bacterial reproduction

41
Q

Thermophiles

A

Heat loving microorganisms

42
Q

This type of control of microorganisms is applied to a living body

A

Antisepsis

43
Q

Capnophiles require an increase in oxygen for optimum growth (T/F)

A

False

44
Q

A type of infection that originates outside of the organism

A

Exogenous

45
Q

Disease causing microorganisms are:

A

Pathogens

46
Q

If a person inherits two genes that are the same, he is said to be:

A

Homozygous

47
Q

Generalized edema

A

Anasarca

48
Q

Color blindness is the result of sex-linked inheritance (T/F)

A

True

49
Q

Which of the following moves throughout the blood stream?

  • Emboli
  • Thrombi
A

Emboli

50
Q

Which type of embolism is the result of crushing injuries to bones

A

Fat

51
Q

Recessive genes manifest themselves when the person is:

A

Homozygous for the trait

52
Q

This type of immunity occurs when the patient is given immune serum

A

Passive

53
Q

This disease is characterized by the presence of flipper-like stunted limbs

A

Phocomelia

54
Q

The production of activated lymphocytes is the result of:

A

Cell-mediated immunity

55
Q

Bleeding from the nose

A

Epistaxis

56
Q

Metastases are the result of septic emboli (T/F)

A

False

57
Q

A disease that originates in the hospital

A

Nosocomial

58
Q

An autoimmune inflammatory disease that can be mild or severe

A

Lupus Erythematosus

59
Q

A collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

A

Hydrothorax

60
Q

Indications of a disease or disorder that are observed or detected by a physician

A

Sign

61
Q

An autoimmune disease results when the body’s tolerance system fails (T/F)

A

True

62
Q

Hyperplasia is due to:

A

An increase in the number of cells

63
Q

An accumulation of pus formed as a result of infection by microorganisms

A

Abscess

64
Q

Most gangrene is characterized by the odor of rotting flesh (T/F)

A

True

65
Q

This type of exudate involves pus

A

Suppurative

66
Q

A disease that suddenly occurs in a large number of people

A

Epidemic

67
Q

The process by which a disease originates and develops

A

Pathogenesis

68
Q

The rate of disease

A

Morbidity rate

69
Q

A protective tissue response to injury or invasion by disease producing organisms

A

Inflammation

70
Q

The shrinking or wasting away of a tissue or organ due to a reduction in the size of the cells

A

Atrophy

71
Q

Small hemorrhages that are visible on the skin

A

Petechia

72
Q

A pathological process in which various substances or cells pass into the tissues to form abnormal accumulations

A

Infiltration

73
Q

An increase in the severity of symptoms of a disease

A

Exacerbation

74
Q

This is a false membrane of fiber

A

Pseudomembrane

75
Q

During inflammation, histamine causes the capillaries to:

A

Become more permeable

76
Q

This form of spina bifida is characterized by a dimpling of the skin and tuft of hair over the vertebral defect

A

Occulta

77
Q

What is a cardinal sign of inflammation

A

Swelling

78
Q

Sickle cell anemia:

A
  • Is generally confined to blacks
  • Is autosomal recessive
  • Results in deformed blood cells
79
Q

A mass formed from the constituents of the blood on the inner surface of the heart or a blood vessel

A

Thrombus

80
Q

Any deviation or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, organ or system of the body that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs

A

Disease

81
Q

All forms of spina bifida are fatal (T/F)

A

False

82
Q

A small blister containing pus

A

Pustule

83
Q

A bruise

A

Ecchymosis

84
Q

Deals with the various laboratory procedures that are used in making a medical diagnosis

A

Clinical pathology

85
Q

Down’s Syndrome is the result of an extra chromosome (T/F)

A

True

86
Q

The patient appears to be male but has small testes that fail to mature and produce sperm

A

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

87
Q

Hyperplasia may result in tumor formation (T/F)

A

True

88
Q

Edema of the scrotum

A

Hydrocele

89
Q

An unusually large flow of blood to a part

A

Hyperemia

90
Q

Enlargement of an organ or tissue due to an increase in the number of the cells

A

Hyperplasia

91
Q

The study of disease, its causes, mechanisms, and effects on the body

A

Pathology

92
Q

A disease that has a short and relatively severe course

A

Acute

MOR 224: Thanatomicrobiology/Pathology (62 decks)

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