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ANS 121 > mid term 2 > Flashcards

mid term 2 Flashcards

1
Q

ovary associated structures

A

follicles; corpus luteum

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2
Q

ovary functions

A

Follicles: contain ova/oocytes
Corpus Luteum (CL): remnant
of follicle, supports pregnancy

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3
Q

oviduct associated structures

A

fallopian tube

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4
Q

oviduct functions

A

catches ova after ovulation, sperm passes through

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5
Q

uterus associated structures

A

uterine body

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6
Q

unterus functions

A

gestates offspring, embryo attaches to lining

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7
Q

cervix structues

A

rigid thick connective tissue/ caudal

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8
Q

cervix functions

A

sperm enter female repro system here, secretes mucus for sperm transport

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9
Q

vagina structure

A

outermost portion of female repro system

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10
Q

vagina function

A

passageway for semen/fetus and placenta, site of semen deposition

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11
Q

testes structure

A

tubular network surrounded by support tissue

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12
Q

testes function

A

manufacture sperm

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13
Q

scrotum structure

A

2 lobed sack

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14
Q

scrotum function

A

protects and supports testes (provides temp regulation)

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15
Q

epididymis structure

A

head- caput; body-corpus; tail-cauda`

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16
Q

epididymis function

A

sperm mature here until ejaculated

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17
Q

ductus deferens structure

A

tube extended from epididymias

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18
Q

ductus deferens function

A

transport sperm

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19
Q

spermatic cord structure

A

large and muscular network

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20
Q

spermatic cord functions

A

suspends testes in scotum; pathway to and from body; protects ductus deferens

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21
Q

accessory sex glands structure

A

prostate, vesicular, bulbourethral and ampulla

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22
Q

accessory sex glands functions

A

secrete components of seminal fluid

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23
Q

urethra structure

A

muscular tube; pelvic & penile

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24
Q

urethra function

A

transport of sperm, seminal fluids and urine

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25
Q

penis structure

A

base, shaft, glands

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26
Q

penis function

A

passageway for sperm and urine out of male tract

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27
Q

ovary associated hormones

A

follicles= estrogen/estradiol; CL= progesterone

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28
Q

testes associated hormones

A

testosterone

29
Q

what is released from hypothalamus?

A

gonadotropin (GnRH)

30
Q

What is released from the pituitary in response to the hypothalamic hormone?

A

luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

31
Q

What is released from the gonads in response to the pituitary hormone?

A

estrogen and testes

32
Q

Prostaglandin F2 alpha function

A

causes increased smooth muscle tone, resulting in diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, bronchoconstriction, and an increase in blood pressure.

33
Q

Oxytocin function?

A

stimulates uterine contractions in childbirth and lactation after childbirth

34
Q

Melatonin

A

regulates pregnancy and puberty

35
Q

why would you administer progesterone into female?

A

decrease amount of estrogen in uterus

36
Q

why would you administer Prostaglandin F2alpha into female?

A

estrus synchronization in cattle and horses

37
Q

ovulation

A

mature egg is released from ovary

38
Q

puberty

A

reproductive maturation

39
Q

parturition

A

act of giving birth

40
Q

estrous cycle

A

cycles of with brief periods of receptivity to estrus

41
Q

proestrus

A

growth of follicles/regression of old CL

42
Q

estrus

A

ovulation of follicle

43
Q

metestrus

A

CL formation

44
Q

diestrus

A

Max CL function, embryo implantation, establishment of pregnancy

45
Q

seasonal breeders

A

day light length controls season of
breeding

46
Q

short day breeders

A

Sheep/Goats – cycles in Fall/Winter

47
Q

long day breeders

A

Mares – cycles in Spring/Summer

48
Q

gestation

A

growth and development of offspring in the uterus

49
Q

dystocia

A

problem during birth

50
Q

stage one of parturition

A

prepatory stage: fetus rotates into position; cervix begins to dilate

51
Q

stage two of parturition

A

expulsion stage: uterus begins to contract more frequently; fetus is expelled from birth canal

52
Q

stage three of parturition

A

cleaning stage: placenta or afterbirth is expelled from body

53
Q

castration

A

removal of balls

54
Q

vasectomized male

A

Typically males with low genetic merit.

55
Q

teaser male

A

vasectomized male used to detect females in estrus

56
Q

Gomer Bull

A

vasectomized bull

57
Q

Artificial Vagina/phantom

A

used to collect semen from males for AI

58
Q

extender

A

has nutrients; used to evaluate semen

59
Q

estrous Synchronization

A

hormonal manipulation to get female into estrus

60
Q

superovulation

A

Females are treated with a series of Follicle Stimulating Hormone injections to increase the numbers of follicles on their ovaries

61
Q

In vitro fertilization

A

oocytes recovered from female are fertilized in a lab

62
Q

Breeding Soundness Exam

A

Complete evaluation of reproductive
potential of the male

63
Q

Azoospermia

A

No sperm in ejaculate

64
Q

What items are evaluated in semen during either a BSE or for AI?

A

Reproductive History
 General physical examination of
genital organs
 Libido and mating ability
 Sperm production
 Sperm quality

65
Q

proteins broken down

A

amino acids

66
Q

carbohydrates broken down

A

fatty acids, sugar and starch

67
Q

fats broken down

A

Triglycerides

68
Q

6 classes of nutrients

A

Carbohydrates
* Protein
* Fats/lipids
* Minerals
* Vitamins
* Water

ANS 121 (3 decks)

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