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Science 8 > mid term > Flashcards

mid term Flashcards

Dec 18

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

light is

A

light is a form of energy that travels in waves

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2
Q

5 basic properties of light

A
  1. light travels in straight lines
  2. light can be reflected
  3. light bends travelling in different mediums
  4. light can be absorbed
  5. light is a form of energy
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3
Q

luminous vs non- luminous

A

lum. objects that emit light
non-lum. objects that do not emit light

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4
Q

natural light sources

A

light that naturally occurs
- bioluminescent
- sunlight
- lighting
- anything hot ( fire, lava, heated metal)

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4
Q

artificial light source

A

Man-made light
Incandescent - classic light blub, small wire that burns
Fluorescent- glass tube covered in phosphor is filled with mercury gas
Phosphorescent - stores light rays and emits the light after the UV has stopped ( glow in the dark)
LED- a semiconductor that emits light when electricity passes through it

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5
Q

light interactions

A
  • absorbed
  • reflected
  • refracted
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6
Q

types of materials

A

transparent - clear, all light passes through it
translucent - blurry, allows some light to go through it
opaque - solid, allows no light to go through it

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7
Q

what is a ray diagram

A

a diagram that shows light bouncing off an object

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8
Q

incident ray

A

a ray approaching a surface

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9
Q

reflected ray

A

a ray that is reflected off a surface

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10
Q

normal

A

an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the surface directed outwards from the point of incidence

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11
Q

angle of incidence

A

the angle from the incendent ray to the normal line

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12
Q

angle of reflections

A

the angle from the normal lin to the reflected ray

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13
Q

Euclid law

A

angle of incident = angle of reflection on a smooth surface

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14
Q

plane mirror

A

a flat mirror

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15
Q

concave mirror

A

curves inwards, can generate heat, image will be up side down the further back but right side up closer in, might appear larger

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16
Q

Convex mirror

A

curves outwards, the image will be upright and small

16
Q

What is refraction

A

when light moves through different mediums it moves at different speeds
more dense = moves slower
less dense = moves faster

17
Q

cell membrane?

A

holds the parts of a cell together

18
Q

cell wall

A

the outer part of a plant cell
harder then membrane

19
Q

Mitochondria

A

the powerhouse of cell
nutrients is digested and energy is made

20
Q

Cytoplasm

A

fills the cell and keeps everything in place

21
Q

vacuole

A

storage bin

22
Q

nucleus

A

controls everything in the cell, like the brain

23
Q

chloroplast

A

converts light into sugar

24
Q

6 things that all living things must have

A
  • produce waste
  • grow/ develop
  • reproduce
  • need energy
  • adaptations
  • made of cells
25
Q

Cell theory

A

cells are the basic unit of life; all cells come from existing cells

26
Q

how to calculate the field of view on a microscope

A

eyepiece x objective lense

27
Q

animal cells

A

more rounded
multiple vacuoles

28
Q

plant cells

A

more spiky and less round
has cloroplast
has cell wall
one big vacuoles

29
Q

what is a cell

A

the basic unit of life

30
Q

osmosis

A

the process of water going in or out of a cell membrane

31
Q

diffusion

A

solutions going from high considerate place to low considerate place
solutions going through a cell membrane

32
Q

what are each membrane

A

permeable - lets everything through
semi-permeable - let some things through
impermeable - lets nothing through

33
Q

how does light travel from the mirror to the eyepiece?

A

light -> diaphram -> objective lense -> eyepiece

34
Q

main organs of the circulatory system

A

heart, veins, Arteries and capillaries

35
Q

main organs of the respiratory system

A

lungs

36
Q

main organs of the digestive system

A

mouth, esophagus, stomach,small entestain

37
Q

main organs of the nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

38
Q

main organs of the excretory system

A

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra and pee

39
Q

main organs of the endocrine system

A

glands, sweat

Science 8 (3 decks)

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