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Infosys 110 > Mid semester test > Flashcards

Mid semester test Flashcards

1
Q

Vision has four characteristics

A

compelling, concise, high level, measurable

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2
Q

Porter’s five forces

A
  1. Substitute competition - outside industry
  2. Threat of new entrants - how difficult it is to enter the industry
  3. Buyer power - the ease of which your customer can switch suppliers
  4. Industry rivalry - the fierceness of competition within the industry
  5. Supplier power - how many suppliers there are that you could use
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3
Q

The five capital model of sustainability

A
  1. Social
  2. Financial
  3. Natural
  4. Human
  5. Manufactured
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4
Q

Porter’s generic strategy

A
  1. Broad cost
  2. Broad differentiation
  3. Focus cost
  4. Focus differentiation

Competitive scope vs differentiation

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5
Q

Value disciplines

A
  1. operational excellence - if you have the best or most efficient process
  2. product leadership - if you have the best product
  3. customer intimacy - if people come to you for your customer service and personalisation

competitive advantage = low cost = operational excellence

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6
Q

Primary value chain activities

A
  1. Inbound logistics
  2. Operations
  3. Outbound logistics
  4. Marketing and sales
  5. Service

Activities that directly contribute to the value of the product - anything to do with customers (deleting them will directly impact customers immediately)

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7
Q

Support value chain activities

A
  1. Firm infrastructure
  2. Human resource management
  3. Technology development
  4. Procurement

Activities that facilitate interactions with customers - do not interact with customers (deleting them will not directly impact customers immediately)

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8
Q

A business process

A

A business process is a series of activities that the business performs that add value to the final product

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9
Q

Functionalities

A

What the process / system does

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10
Q

Categories of information systems

A
  1. EIS
  2. Decision support systems
  3. Transaction processing systems
  4. Supply chain management systems
  5. Enterprise resource planning systems
  6. Customer relationship management systems
  7. Collaboration systems
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11
Q

KPI

A

A numeric measure - average, proportion (not a comparison yet!)

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12
Q

Benchmark types

A
  1. Historical (compared to the past)
  2. Theoretical (compared to a goal)
  3. External (outside organisation)
  4. Internal (within organisation)
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13
Q

Selecting tasks to improve

A
  1. High NFI, high value
  2. High NFI, low value
  3. Low NFI, low value
  4. Low NFI, high value

Because of risks!

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14
Q

Magnitudes of change

A

high:
1. Reengineer the industry (radically change the way things are done in the industry e.g iPhone)
2. Reengineer a process (fundamentally redesign operations e.g. AmazonGo)
3. Streamline (eliminating non-value adding tasks)
4. Automate (replace manual work with machines)
low:

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15
Q

Tranformation processes:

A
  1. Physical (manufacturing - creating something new)
  2. Locational
  3. Exchange (retail operations)
  4. Physiological (Healthcare)
  5. Psychological (entertainment)
  6. Informational (communication)
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16
Q

Operations strategies - to develop a competitive advantage

A
  1. Cost
  2. Quality (can measure this using customisation)
  3. Delivery
  4. Flexibility (# products, volume order sizes…)
  5. Service
17
Q

Information

A

Information is data analysed and transformed into more useful forms, usually by understanding relationships within the data

18
Q

Systems

A

A set of interactive parts that form something with properties that no individual part has

19
Q

Transaction processing systems

A

fine, OLTP, transactional, operational information

20
Q

Decision support systems

A

coarse, OLAP, managerial / tactical, analytical information

21
Q

Transaction

A

A business event that generates data worthy of being captured and stored in a database

22
Q

TPS functionalities

A 
Create entries
Read inputs
Update entries
Delete entries 
 (CRUD)
23
Q

Problems for decision making

A

data richness - analysis required

24
Q

Agile decision making latency

A
  1. Data latency = Time taken for an event to be captured as data
  2. Analysis latency = time it takes for the information to be processed
  3. Decision latency = time it takes from information being delivered to action taken
25
Q

Intelligence density

A

Intelligence density is the amount of useful decision support information that a decision maker gets from using the system for a certain amount of time

= ratio of decision making power gleaned : units of analytical time spent by decision maker

26
Q

DSS applications

A

Optimisation, goal seeking analysis, what-if analysis

27
Q

Collaboration support systems characteristics

A
  1. communication
  2. cooperation
  3. coordination
28
Q

types of collaboration systems

A
  1. Groupware (facilitation of communications)
  2. Content management systems (keep, organise and share contents e.g. Google drive)
  3. Knowledge management systems (keeps, organises and shares knowledge)
  4. Workflow management systems (coordinate multiple partners ‘workflows’ in parallel)
29
Q

Enterprise resource planning systems

A

a system that integrates all departments and functions of an organisation into a single IT system

30
Q

Benefits / risks of enterprise resource planning systems

A
  1. Flexibility and agility
  2. Business intelligence and decision support
  3. Better service and efficiency
    Risk: implementation issues
31
Q

ERPII challenges

A

ERPII = ERP across multiple companies

  1. Security and privacy issues
  2. Common suppliers and fear of competitive information
  3. Standards / compatibilities
32
Q

Push systems vs pull systems

A

push= products made before order made

pull = products made after order made

33
Q

Common problems with supply chains

A
  1. lack of transparency across supply chain (inventory and market info not shared)
  2. Restricted communications among organisations in supply chain
  3. Long and uncertain lead times

results in the bullwhip effect

34
Q

CRM benefits

A
  1. Upsale

2. Customer satisfaction

35
Q

CRM categorises customers by

A
  1. Recency
  2. Frequency
  3. Monetary value

(RFM)

Best opportunities are in the middle

36
Q

Measure supplier’s performance level using this framework

A 
In Full (IF)
On Time (OT)
In Specification (IS)

IFOTIS

Infosys 110 (2 decks)

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