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Clinical Therapeutics > mid-sem week 1-4 > Flashcards

mid-sem week 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

salbutamol class

A

short acting beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist

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2
Q

salmeterol class

A

long acting beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist

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3
Q

bronchodilators

A

salbutamol, salmeterol

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4
Q

anti-cholinergic

A

atrovent, iprotropium

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5
Q

calcium channel blockers

A

verapomil, diltizem, amlodipine

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6
Q

calcium channel blocker MOA

A

decrease myocardium contractability, relax smooth muscles of the coronary arteries (vasodilation), effect AV node to reduce HR

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7
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

captopril, perindopril, ramipril

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8
Q

angiotensin 2 does what?

A

vasoconstriction

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9
Q

AT2 stimulates the pituitary gland to do what?

A

secrete anti-diuretic hormone which tells the kidneys to hold onto water to increase blood volume and therefor systemic BP

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10
Q

AT2 stimulates the adrenal gland to…

A

produce aldosterone which acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption

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11
Q

inhibition of ACE results in?

A

decreased vascular tone (no AT2 to stimulate vasoconstriction) , inhibition of aldosterone release (reducing sodium and water retention)

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12
Q

prednisolone, hydrocortisone, budesonide class?

A

glucocorticoid/corticosteroid

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13
Q

corticosteroid MOA

A

immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory (reversing capillary permeability

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13
Q

ipratropium class?

A

anti-cholinergic. acts on muscarinic cholinergic receptors (parasympathetic)

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14
Q

ipratropium moa

A

blocks parasympathetic NS response (muscarinic antagonist) to reduce bronchodilation and mucous production.

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15
Q

Heparin MOA

A

inhibits the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. acts on multiple sites in both the extrinsic and intrinsic blood clotting systems.

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16
Q

warfarin MOA

A

inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K- dependant clotting factors, and the anticoagulant proteins.

17
Q

aspirin class?

A

COX inhibitor

18
Q

aspirin MOA

A

anti-inflammatory (inhibit prostaglandin-which causes inflammation)
anti-platelet (inhibits platelet aggregation)

19
Q

clopidogrel class?

A

anti-platelet

20
Q

Clopidogrel MOA

A

irreversibly inhibiting a receptor called P2Y12

21
Q

GTN class?

A

nitrates

22
Q

GTN MOA

A

vasodilation, reduced venous return (pooling), reduced preload and afterload, reduced myocardial energy and O2 requirements.

23
Q

ramipril class?

A

ACE inhibitors

24
Q

ramipril MOA?

A

vasodilation. inhibits ACE from creating AT2 and therefor decreasing aldosterone.

25
Q

irbesartan class

A

ARB

26
Q

metoprolol, sotalol, atenolol class

A

beta blockers

27
Q

Beta blocker moa?

A

block beta receptors which slows down conduction through the AV node, which reduces heart rate.

28
Q

diltiazem, verapamil class

A

ca channel blockers

29
Q

ca channel blockers MOA

A

relaxes blood vessels so the heart doesn’t have to pump as hard. increases blood and O2 supply to heart. slows electrical activity.

30
Q

digoxin class

A

cardiac glycoside

31
Q

cardiac glycoside MOA?

A

Inhibits sodium-potassium
ATPase, which increases
intracellular sodium and calcium
concentration, slowing the HR by
reducing conduction through the
AV node

32
Q

retaplase, alteplase, streptokinase class?

A

thrombolytics

33
Q

amiodarone class

A

anti-arrhythmic

34
Q

anti-arrhythmic MOA

A

prolongs AV conduction and decreases automaticity of the purkinje system.

35
Q

adrenaline, noradrenaline, dobutamine class, digoxin, dopamine, milrinone

A

positive inotropes

36
Q

positive inotropes MOA

A

strengthen the force of the heart beat-contractility, increasing CO

37
Q

negative inotropes?

A

Ca channel
blocker
Β blockers
Amiodarone
Lignocaine

38
Q

negative inotrope MOA

A

weaken the hearts contractions

39
Q

Atropine
Adrenaline
Milrinone
Metoprolol
Theophylline class?

A

positive chronotropy-increase HR

40
Q

β blockers
Ca channel
blockers
Amiodarone
Digoxin
Acetylcholine

A

negative chronotropy-decrease HR

Clinical Therapeutics (8 decks)

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