Mid Sem Flashcards
Brachiocephalicus
O: 1) cranial raphe of neck, 2) temporal bone
I: medial surface of distal shaft of humerus
N: accessory n.
Trapezius
O: 1) raphe of neck, 2) supraspinous ligament
I: dorsal spine of scapula
N: accessory n.
Latissimus dorsi
O: 1) lumbodorsal fasci, 2) last 2-3 ribs
I: teres tuberosity of humerus
N: thoracolumbar n.
Omotransversarius
O: wing of atlas
I: ventral spine of scapula
N: accessory n.
M. Pectoralis profundus
O: first to last sternebrae
I: lesser and greater tubercle of humerus
M. Pectoralis superficialis
O: cranial end of sternum
I: greater tubercle of humerus
M. Serratus ventralis
O: 1) transverse process of last 5 cervical vertebrae, 2) first 7-8 ribs
I: serrated face of scapula
M. Rhomboideus
O: 1) occipital bone, 2) raphe of neck, 3) spinous processes of T4-T6
I: medial surface of dorsal border of scapula
M. Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
N: subscapular n.
M. Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
N: supra scapular n.
M. Infraspinatus
O: infra spinous fossa
I: major tubercle of humerus
N: supra scapular n.
M. Deltoideus
O: 1) scapular spine, 2) acromium
I: deltoid tuberosity
N: axillary n.
M. Teres major
O: caudal angle of scapula
I: teres tuberosity
N: axillary n.
M. Teres minor
O: caudal border of scapula (distally)
I: tuberosity for teres minor
N: axillary nerve
M. Corachobrachialis
O: Coracoid process (long tendon of origin)
I: crest of minor tubercle of humerus
N: musculocutaneous n.
M. Biceps brachii
O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: 1) ulnar tuberosity, 2) radial tuberosity
N: musculocutaneous n.
M. Tensor fascia antebrachii
O: latissimus dorsi
I: 1) antebrachial fascia, 2) olecranon
N: radial n.
M. Triceps brachii, long head
O: caudal edge of scapula
I: olecranon
N: radial n.
Brachialis
O: brachialis groove
I: radius and ulna
N: musculocutaneous n.
Triceps brachii (medial and lateral heads)
O: shaft of humerus
I: olecranon
N: radial n.
Anconeus
O: distal humerus
I: olecranon
N: radial n.
What are the extensor muscles of the forelimb? Are they on the cranial or caudal side of the limb?
Craniolateral.
Extensor carpi radialis, ext. digitorium communis, ext. digitorium lateralis, ext. carpi ulnaris, supinator, abductor pollicis longus
Extensor carpi radialis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpal bones
N: radial n.
Extensor digitorium communis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: all distal phalanges
N: radial n.
Extensor digitorium lateralis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral distal phalanges
N: radial n.
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: accessory carpal bone, metacarpal V
N: radial n.
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: radius
N: radial n.
Abductor pollicis longus
O: Cranial aspect of ulna
I: first metacarpal bone
N: radial n.
Name the flexors in the forelimb and their general location on the limb.
Caudal in antebrachium.
Flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorium superficialis, flexor digitorium profundus, flexor carpi ulnaris, pronator teres.
Flexor carpi radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals
N: median n.
Flexor digitorium superficialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: middle phalanges
N: median n.
Flexor digitorium profundus
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: all distal phalanges
N: median/ulnar n.
Flexor carpi ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: accessory carpal bones
N: ulnar n.
Pronator teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: radius
N: median n.
M. Gluteus superficialis
O: 1) dorsal iliac spine (tuber sacrale), 2) sacrotuberous ligament
I: third trochanter of femur
N: caudal gluteal nerve
Caudal to gluteus medius
M. Tensor fascia latae
O: ventral iliac spine (tuber coxae)
I: fascia lata
N: cranial gluteal n.
Triangle just below gluteus medius
M. Gluteus medius
O: gluteal surface of ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
N: cranial gluteal n.
M. Biceps femoris
O: 1) sacrotuberous ligament, 2) ischiatic tuberosity
I: fascia lata
N: ischiatic/sciatic nerve
M. Semitendinosus
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: medial surface of tibia
N: ischiatic/sciatic nerve
M. Vastus lateralis and intermedius
O: shaft of femur
I: patella
N: femoral n.
M. Sartorius
O: ilium
I: 1) patella, 2) crural fascia (with gracilis)
N: femoral n.
M. Vastus lateralis
O: shaft of femur
I: patella
N: femoral n.
M. Rectus femoris
O: ilium
I: patella
N: femoral n.
M. Gracilis
O: pelvic symphysis
I: crural fascia
N: obturator n.
M. Adductor femoris
O: pelvic symphysis
I: femur
N: obturator n.
Deep to gracilis
M. Pectineus
O: prepubic tendon
I: femur
N: obturator n.
Very small.
M. Semimembranosus
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: femur
N: ischiatic n.
M. Gluteus profundus
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
N: cranial gluteal n.
M. Obturatorius internus
O: 1) pubis, 2) ischium
I: trochanter if fossa
N: ischiatic n.
M. Coccygeus
O: ischiatic spine
I: 2nd-5th caudal vertebrae
N: sacral n.
M. Levator ani
O: 1) ilium, 2) pubis
I: 7th caudal vertebrae
N: sacral n.
M. Obturatorius externus
O: pelvic symphysis
I: trochanteric fossa
N: obturator n.
M. Iliopsoas (iliacus, psoas major)
O: 1) ventral body of ilium, 2) transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter of femur.
N: femoral n.
Sub lumbar muscle that lies largely in retro peritoneal space.
M. Psoas minor
O: 1) last thoracic vertebrae, 2) lumbar vertebrae
I: arcuate line of ilium
N: lumbar n.
What are the extensor muscles of the hindlimb and where are they?
Craniolateral in crus
Extensor digitorium longus, ext. digitorium brevis, ext. digitorium lateralis, tibialis cranialis, fibularis longus (peroneus).
M. Extensor digitorium longus
O: extensor fossa femur
I: all distal phalanges
N: fibular (peroneal) n.
Flexes hocks, extends digits.
Extensor digitorium brevis
O: metatarsal bones
I: all distal phalanges
N: fibular (peroneal) n.
Extensor digitorium lateralis
O: Fibula
I: lateral distal phalanges
N: fibular n.
Lateral side, small
Tibialis cranialis
O: tibia
I: 1st/2nd metatarsal bones
N: fibular n.
Think equine suspensory ligament
Fibularis longus (peroneus)
O: 1) tibia, 2) fibula
I) metatarsal bones
N) fibular n.
What are the flexor muscles of the hindlimb? Where are they on the limb?
Caudal.
Gastrocnemius, flexor digitorium superficialis, flexor digitorium profundus, popliteus
Gastrocnemius
O: supracondylar tuberosities of femur
I: tuber calcis
N: tibial n.
Flexor digitorium superficialis
O: Lateral supracondylar tuberosities
I: all middle phalanges
N: tibial n.
Flexor digitorium profundus
O: 1) tibia, 2) fibula
I: all distal phalanges
N: tibial n.
Popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur
I: tibia
N: tibial n.
Rectus capitis dorsalis
O: spine of axis (C2)
I: occipital bone of skull
M. Obliquus capitis cranialis
O: wing of atlas (C1)
I: temporal bone of skull
M. Obliquus capitis caudalis
O: spine of axis (C2)
I: wing of atlas
