Mid-Cervical Flashcards

1
Q

The mid-lower cervical spine segments are all oriented…

A

45 degrees to the horizontal and frontal planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Interbody joints are located between

A

each vertebral body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

interbody joints are located from C2/3 to

A

L5/S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

each interbody joint contains:

A
  • intervertabral disc
  • vertebral endplates
  • adjacent vertebral bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the intervertebral disc contains

A

the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

annulus fibrosis

A

concentric rings of fibrocartilage tissues with each layer oriented about 90 degrees differently to optimize strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the annulus fibrosis is thicker..

A

anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

it is easier to herniate the disc to the posterior or anterior direction?

A

posteriorly because of the crescent shaped annulus fibrosis and weaker posterior longitudinal ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nucleus pulposis

A
  • 70-90% water for shock absorption and dissipation of forces across the vertebrae
  • as you get older the water in the disc is greatly reduced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vertebral endplates

A

cartilaginous caps made up of connective tissue that covers a majority of the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

changing vertebral endplates with age

A
  • thick at brith
  • during childhood they serve as growth plates for the vertebrae
  • in childhood they become thinner and only occupy about 5% of the height of each intervertebral space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

another name for facet joint

A

apophyseal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

facet joints in the mid-lower cervical spine

A
  • inferior facets of the superior vertebrae face anteriorly and inferiorly
  • superior facets of the inferior vertebrae face posteriorly and superiorly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Facet surfaces between C2-7

A
  • 45 degrees between horizontal and frontal planes

- allows for motion in all 3 planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Arthrokinematics flexion

A
  • sagittal plane

- inferior facets of superior vertebrae slide superiorly and anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

arthrokinematics extension

A

sagittal plane

- inferior facets of superior vertebrae slide posteriorly and inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ROM values flexion mid cervical

A

35-40 degrees

18
Q

ROM values extension mid cervical

A

55-60 degrees

19
Q

arthrokinematics Protraction

A
  • sagittal plane motion
  • head translates forward
  • mid-lower cervical spine flexes
  • upper cervical spine extends
20
Q

with prolonged cervical extension

A

this leads to forward head postures; stress and strain on the joints and muscles

21
Q

arthrokinematics of retraction

A

sagittal plane motion

- head translates posteriorly - mid-lower cervical spine extends and upper cervical spine flexes

22
Q

Arthrokinematics lateral flexion

A
  • frontal plane motion

- ipsilateral downslide with contralateral upslide

23
Q

ROM values with lateral flexion

A

30-35 degrees on each side

24
Q

ROM values for rotation

A

30-35 degrees each side (total is 65-75 degrees)

25
Arthrokinematics of rotation
inferior facet of superior vertebrae slides posterior and slightly inferior on the ipsilateral side; anterior and slightly superior on contralateral side
26
what position at the AO joint creates a posterior glide at the occipital condyles?
Flexion
27
what position would you put the AO joint in to create max anterior glide of L occipital condyle
Extension with L lateral flexion (side-bend) and coupled right rotation
28
What 2 positions could you place the OA joint in to test max posterior glide of L occipital condyle?
- flexion with R lateral flexion and couples left rotation | - flexion with L rotation and coupled right lateral rotation
29
what 2 positions could you place the OA joint in to test max anterior glide of the R occipital condlye?
- extension with R lateral flexion and L rotation | - Extension with L rotation and coupled right lateral flexion
30
Cranial cervical flexor test
assesses the strength of the deep cervical muscles (local stabilizers of the spine) - normal is able to generate 28-30mmHg of pressure for 10 seconds without compensation
31
if someone has neck pain what is the normal range with the Cranial cervical flexor test
32
Superficial neck muscles
global muscles; larger torque producing; they transfer balance and loads during movements
33
with forward head posture for extended periods of time
this could result in "re-posturing" of the cervical spine | - puts a lot of stress on joints and muscles in craniocervical region
34
what is the median pressure achieved in individuals without and with neck pain using cranial cervical flexion test?
28mmhg without pain and 24 with pain
35
QQ: someone with forward head posture will exhibit all of the following EXCEPT a) excessive protraction of craniocervical region b) excessive retraction of craniocervical region c) excessive flexion in mid-lower cervical region d) excessive extension in upper cervical region
B- exscessive retraction of craniocervical region
36
QQ: T/F the uncovertebral joints are sites for degenerative changes in the cervical spine
True
37
uncovertebral joints limit
lateral flexion in the cervical spine | they permit flexion and extension
38
QQ: the articular facets of the cervical vertebrae (C3-7) are oriented
45 degrees to the frontal and horizontal plane
39
QQ: what spinal coupled motion occurs with left rotation of C3 and C4`
Left lateral flexion
40
QQ: T/F a tear in the transverse cruciate ligament has the potential to move the dens anteriorly and compress the spinal cord
FALSE