mid 1 Flashcards

1
Q

babylons used soap in which year and how did they make it

A

2800BC
soap by boiling fats with ashes and water

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2
Q

cleopatra and soap

A

bathed in milk high in lactic acid

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3
Q

greeks bathed for

A

aesthetic reasons

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4
Q

large scale commercial soap making occured in

A

late 18th century when the french chemist nicolas leblanc patented a process for soda ash

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5
Q

how do skin cleansing products work

A

facial cleasing products contain surfactants that are used for emulsifying water insoluble ingredients into micelles that can be washed away from the skin
ideally a soap should not interfere with the skins sturcture and function that leads to irritation, dryness, redness and itching
however most soaps do cause a change in the skins structure and barrier function

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6
Q

why do surfactants solubilize lipids

A

surfactants solublize lipids on the skin surface to provide protection and may even extract skin components

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7
Q

what happens if surfactant remains in the SC

A

remains in SC even after rinsing and damages SC structure

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8
Q

describe the tendency of surfactnats to damage skin proteins

A

related to the charge density of the surfactant aggregates

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9
Q

chaning the pH may

A

damage the Sc

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10
Q

describe pH of soaps and syndets

A

soap based cleansers are alkaline in nature whereas syndets ( synthetic based soap cleansers) are close to neutral or slightly acidic

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11
Q

ideal characteristics of skin cleansing products

A

NF SAO
RM CWH
SSM R FPPD
nuetral or pleasant odor and color
easy to rub with good foaming properties
easy to spread
pleasant feeling with aplication
non oily non greasy feeling
leaves no residue
moisturizes the skin while cleansing
non comedogenic
well toerated and non allergenic
hand sanitizers should not dry the skin and kill bacteria and viruses
s
long term stability
smooth texture
no microbial contamination or growth
appropriate rheological properites
appropriate foaming prop
approp performance
approp pH
dermatological safety

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12
Q

classification of cleansing pod (4)

A

chemical nature and mildness
soaps - salts of fatty acids
snthetic surfactants soapless - milder tot he skin PH 7
solvents - alcohols

cleansing principle
chemical cleaning - surfactant emulsifying and dissolving the dirt on the skin, requires water and a rinsing step
physical cleaning - abrasion and friction

foamability
foaming cleansers - sig amt of well foaming surfactants
normal foaming cleansers - LOWER level of well foaming surfatnts
non foaming cleansers - faceial toners, hand sanitizers

product tyope
solid
semi solid
liquid

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