Microscopy Flashcards
What is the magnification equation?
Eyepiece lens x objective lens = total magnification
What are the 2 focus lenses?
- Coarse focus
2. Fine focus
How do you work a microscope?
- Move the stage to the lowest position
- Place the object you want to observe on the stage
- Put the objective lens on the lowest magnification
- Turn the coarse focus knob until you see the object
- Focus your object with the fine focus
- Keep increasing you magnification using these steps
What defines a plant cell?
- Vacuole
- Cell wall
- Chloroplasts
What does the nucleus do?
Controls the cell and it’s genetic material
What does cytoplasm do?
A jelly like substance where chemical reactions happen
What does the cell membrane do?
It controls what comes in and out of the cell
What does mitochondria do?
This is where respiration happens which transfers energy
What does the cell wall do?
This strengthens and supports the cell, It is made of as tough fibre called cellulose this the cell wall very rigid and ideal for keeping the cells shape.
What does the vacuole do?
It contains a watery substance called sap which helps keep the cell firm.
What do the chloroplasts do?
This were photosynthesis occurs which happens when chlorophyll is transferred energy from the sun
Which of these cells contain chloroplasts?
Root hair cell or leaf cell?
Leaf cell
Why are nerve cells specialised?
They are long, thin and able to join to each other
Why are red blood cells specialised?
They have a red pigment which joins to oxygen, they are disk/biconcave in shape allowing for more oxygen storage and they don’t have a neucleus
Why are sperm cells specialised?
They have a tail and a very streamlined head this allows it to move through liquid and the head bury’s into an egg cell
Why are leaf cells specialised?
They have more chloroplasts and they are long and thin perfect for absorpstion
Why are root hair cells specialised?
They are able to absorb water and despite being a plant cell don’t contain chloroplasts
Which 2 substances move INTO cells?
- Glucose
2. Oxygen
Which substance moves OUT of cells?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What is this process called?
Diffusion
If a substance has as high concentration outside a cell but a low concentration inside the cell what is Glucose or Carbon dioxide?
Glucose
Why do plants wilt?
Because the Vacuole fills up with water if it doesn’t the plant become floppy and wilts
What is a uni cellular organism?
It is an organism made of only one cell
Briefly explain amoeba?
- Amoebas have no fixed shape
- Amoebas move by changing their body
- They can make parts of their body move in their desired direction of travel
- It is filled with cytoplasm and has a neucleus
Briefly explain Euglena?
- They have an eye spot which detects light
- They move via flagellum in which the tail spins like an propeller
- This allows for maximum food potential as they move towards the light
