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Muscular Systems > Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle > Flashcards

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

fibrous connective tissue surrounding fascicle

A

perimysium

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2
Q

dense regular connective tissue surrounding the entire muscle & may blend with fascia

A

epimysium

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3
Q

contractile unit of muscle from Z line to Z line

A

sacomere

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4
Q

a muscle cell

A

fiber

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5
Q

thin connective tissue surrounding each individual muscle fiber

A

endomysium

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6
Q

plasma membrane of the muscle cell

A

sarcolemma

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7
Q

a long filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded appearance

A

myofibril

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8
Q

actin or myosin containing structure

A

myofilament

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9
Q

cordlike extension of connective tissue beyond the muscle, serving to attach it to the bone

A

tendon

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10
Q

a discrete bundle of muscle cells

A

fasicle

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11
Q

perimysium

A

fibrous connective tissue surrounding a fascicle

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12
Q

epimysium

A

dense regular connective tissue surrounding the entire muscle & may blend with fascia

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13
Q

sacomere

A

smallest contractile unit of muscle from Z line to Z line which is composed of myofilaments made up of contractile proteins myosin (thick) & actin (thin)

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14
Q

fiber

A

a muscle cell

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15
Q

endomysium

A

thin connective tissue surrounding each individual muscle fiber

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16
Q

sarcolemma

A

plasma membrane of the muscle cell

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17
Q

myofibril

A

a long, filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded appearance

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18
Q

myofilament

A

actin or myosin containing structure

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19
Q

tendon

A

cordlike extension of connective tissue beyond the muscle, serving to attach it to the bone

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20
Q

fascicle

A

a discrete bundle of muscle cells

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21
Q

sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of the cell that is filled with myofibrils & glycogen for stored energy & myoglobin for binding oxygen

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22
Q

cytoplasm of the cell

A

sarcoplasm

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23
Q

thick filaments are made of

A

myosin

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24
Q

thin filament are made of

A

actin

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25
Q

contractile proteins

A

are myosin and actin they do the work of shortening the muscle fiber

26
Q

What proteins shorten the muscle fiber

A

myosin and actin - contractile proteins

27
Q

Glycogen

A

a starchlike carbohydrate that provides energy for the cell during heightened levels of exercise

28
Q

a starchlike carbohydrate that provides energy for the cell during heightened levels of exercise

A

glycogen

29
Q

myoglobin

A

red oxygen-building pigment which provides some of the oxygen needed for muscular activity found in the sarcoplasm

30
Q

red oxygen-building pigment which provides some of the oxygen needed for muscular activity found in the sarcoplasm

A

myoglobin

31
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

A

the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle which forms a network around each myofibril with dilated end-sacs (terminal cistera) which store calcium

32
Q

the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle which forms a network around each myofibril with dilated end-sacs (terminal cistera) which store calcium

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

33
Q

Triad

A

the T tubule, one in the center, and the two terminal cisternae , run alongside the T tubule on the SR

34
Q

the T tubule, one in the center, and the two terminal cisternae , run alongside the T tubule

A

the Triad

35
Q

Terminal cisternae

A

crosses the muscle fiber from one side to the other which are dilated end-sacs of the SR which stores calcium

36
Q

crosses the muscle fiber from one side to the other which are dilated end-sacs of the SR which stores calcium

A

Terminal cisternae

37
Q

Tranverse (T) tubules

A

tubular infolding in the sarcolemma that penetrate through to the cell’s interior at each A band-band junction and emerge on the other side - carries electrical signal into the cell - extension of the sarcolemma

38
Q

tubular infolding in the sarcolemma that penetrate through the cell and emerge on the other side

A

Tranverse (T) tubules

39
Q

Fibrous actin looks like a beaded necklace

A

called the “F” actin

40
Q

a string of subunits on the “F” actin

A

called globular “G” actin

41
Q

active site of the thin filaments which can bind to the head of a myosin molecule

A

each G actin

42
Q

tropomyosin

A

a protein on thin filament there are about 40 to 60 molecules

43
Q

a protein on thin filament there are about 40 to 60 molecules

A

tropomyosin

44
Q

called the “F” actin

A

Fibrous actin looks like a beaded necklace

45
Q

called globular “G” actin

A

a string of subunits on the “F” actin

46
Q

each G actin

A

active site of the thin filaments which can bind to the head of a myosin molecule

47
Q

troponin

A

calcium binding protein bound to tropomyosin

48
Q

calcium binding protein bound to tropomyosin

A

troponin

49
Q

elastic filaments

A

made of huge springy protein called titin which run through the core of each thick filament and anchor it to structures call the Z disc at one end and M line at the other

50
Q

made of huge springy protein called titin which run through the core of each thick filament and anchor it to structures call the Z disc at one end and M line at the other

A

elastic filaments

51
Q

stabilizes the thick filament, centers it between the thin filaments, prevents over stretching, & recoils like a spring after a muscle is stretched

A

purpose of titin

52
Q

purpose of titin

A

stabilizes the thick filament, centers it between the thin filaments, prevents over stretching, & recoils like a spring after a muscle is stretched

53
Q

regulatory protiens

A

tropomyosin and troponin because they act like a switch to determine when the fiber can contract and when it cannot

54
Q

dystropin

A

enormous protein located between the sarcolemma and the outermost myofilaments

55
Q

enormous protein located between the sarcolemma and the outermost myofilaments

A

dystropin

56
Q

“A” band

A

A - stands for anisotropic - is the dark band - where thick myosin filament are in striated muscles

57
Q

“I” band

A

I - stands for isotropic - is the light band - where thin actin filaments are in striated muscles - on each side of “A” band - Z disc(band) in center of each “I” band

58
Q

muscle fibers are

A

cylindrical cells with multiple nuclei, plasma membrane call (sarcolemma), cytoplasm (sarcoplasm), the organelles (sarcoplasmic reticulum & mitochondria) and contractile proteins (myosin & actin) that are responsible for striations

59
Q

cylindrical cells with multiple nuclei, plasma membrane call (sarcolemma), cytoplasm (sarcoplasm), the organelles (sarcoplasmic reticulum & mitochondria) and contractile proteins (myosin & actin) that are responsible for striations

A

muscle fibers

60
Q

fascia

A

outer fibrous layer that covers; separates muscles

61
Q

What is Z disc

A

is the Z line where an I band is bisected by a dark narrow line that provides anchorage for the thin & elastic filaments

Muscular Systems (4 decks)

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