Microscope Flashcards
an instrument that
makes an enlarged image of a small
object, thus revealing details too
small to be seen by the unaided eye
Microscope
Dutch spectacle makers,
are credited with creating the first compound microscope, a
device with two lenses that magnified objects.
Hans and Zacharias Janssen
Italian astronomer, developed a
compound microscope with a convex and concave lens,
which he used to study insects
Galileo Galilei
an English scientist, published
“Micrographia,” a groundbreaking book containing detailed
illustrations of microscopic observations, including the first
description of cells.
Robert Hooke,
who used a microscope with one
lens to observe insects and other
specimen.
- was the first to observe bacteria.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
-development of achromatic lenses
-English optician,
significantly improved the quality
of microscopes by reducing
chromatic aberration
Chester Moore Hall
British optician, further refined
achromatic lenses, making
microscopes more powerful and
precise.
John Dollond,
an English
scientist, developed the
achromatic objective
lens, which greatly
improved the resolution
of microscopes
Joseph Jackson Lister
The invention of the electron microscope by __________ revolutionized microscopy, allowing
scientists to visualize objects at much higher magnifications
Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll
The development of the phase-contrast microscope by ___________ enabled the visualization of transparent biological
specimens
Frits Zernike
3-D specimen
images possible with
the invention of the
scanning tunneling
microscope by
Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer
Advances in microscopy continue, with the development of super-resolution microscopy techniques, such as ___________ pushing the limits of resolution even further
stimulated emission
depletion (STED) microscopy and singlemolecule localization microscopy (SMLM),
-Also known as the eyepiece; located at the top of the microscope.
-It is used to look at the specimen.
-Come in different magnification powers from 5x to 30x,
but the most common are of 10x or 15x magnification
OCULAR LENS
-Also called the revolving turret.
-It houses all the objective lenses. It can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease magnification
NOSE PIECE
are the most commonly used Lab. balances in
pharmaceutical laboratories due to their precision in measuring minute weights.
Analytical Balances
-It is the
lens closest
to
the specimen. They are fitted to
the nosepiece.
-A standard microscope has 3-4 objective lenses of
different magnifying powers: 4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x.
-Are color coded and are of different sizes
Objective lens
-Also known as the “iris”
-It is an adjustable apparatus, with a primary role of
controlling the amount of light that reaches the
specimen
DIAPHRAGM
-These are lenses that are used to collect and focus light
from the illuminator into the specimen.
-/They play a major role in ensuring clear, sharp images are
produce with a high magnification of 400x and above.
-The higher the magnification of the condenser, the
clearer the image.
CONDENSER
Its purpose is to provide even, high intensity light at
the place of the field aperture, so that light can travel
through the condenser to the specimen.
ILLUMINATOR
-Also called body tube or eyepiece tube.
-It is a cylindrical metallic tube that holds the eyepiece lens
at one end and connects to the nose piece on the other
end.
-The light coming from the objectives will bend inside this
tube
HEAD
This part connects the base to the head and vice versa.
It supports the head of the microscope and is also used
when carrying the microscope.
ARM
-A flat surface that holds the microscope slide securely in
place.
-Equipped with clips or a mechanical arm to prevent slide
movement.
-Allows precise and smooth movement of the slide along the
X and Y axes.
MECHANICAL STAGE
-Located next to or underneath the stage for easy slide
movement.
-Move the stage horizontally (X-axis) and vertically (Y-axis).
-Allow for precise positioning and centering of the specimen
for observation.
STAGE CONTROLS
-A large knob used for rapid movement of the objective
lenses.
-Primarily used to bring the specimen into approximate focus.
-Works best for low-power objective lenses to quickly find the
specimen.
COARSE ADJUSTMENT
