Microscope

Question 1

Attributive adjectives

Answer 1

PRE modifying, e.g. the GREY sky

Question 2

Predicative adjectives

Answer 2

POST modifying, e.g. revision is BRILLIANT (usually linked to a form of the verb ‘to be’, e.g. ‘I am’, ‘She is’ etc.

Question 3

Gradable adjectives

Answer 3

3 forms which can be graded upwards with various suffixes like ‘-er’ or ‘-est’ OR by adding ‘more/most’ before adjective

• ABSOLUTE: The base form of an adjective (e.g. big)
• COMPARITIVE: The form that designates comparison between 2 things, e.g. ‘biggER’ or ‘MORE interesting’
• SUPERLATIVE: expresses the highest level of the quality represented by an adjective, e.g. ‘biggEST’ or ‘MOST interesting’

Question 4

Non-gradable adjectives

Answer 4

Binary adjectives that cannot be graded, e.g. ‘dead’

Question 5

Adverbs of MANNER

Answer 5

Describes HOW something happened, e.g. she ran QUICKLY

Question 6

Adverbs of TIME

Answer 6

Describes WHEN something happened, e.g. she went YESTERDAY

Question 7

Adverbs of PLACE

Answer 7

Describes WHERE something happened, e.g. put it THERE

Question 8

Adverbs of FREQUENCY

Answer 8

Describes HOW OFTEN something happens, e.g. she ALWAYS buys coffee or she REGULARLY buys coffee

Question 9

Adverbs of DEGREE

Answer 9

Describes HOW MUCH (quantity) of something, e.g. she REALLY likes coffee

Question 10

Adverbs of DURATION

Answer 10

Describes HOW LONG something happens for, e.g. the road is TEMPORARILY closed’

Question 11

Modal auxiliary verbs

Answer 11

Expresses degree of possibility, probability, necessity or obligation, e.g. ‘can’ ‘might’ ‘may’ ‘must’

Question 12

Primary auxiliary verbs

Answer 12

Denotes change of tense, e.g. ‘had’

Question 13

Regular verbs

Answer 13

Follows a rule when forming simple past tense by adding ‘-ed’ suffix, e.g. walk -> walked

Question 14

Irregular verbs

Answer 14

Takes an irregular form when changing to past tense, e.g. ‘swim’ -> ‘swam’

Question 15

Transitive verbs

Answer 15

Verb processes that need an object, e.g. ‘he KICKED the table’ (has to be something to kick)

Question 16

Intransitive verbs

Answer 16

Verb processes that don’t need an object, e.g. ‘He YAWNED’

Question 17

Demonstrative pronouns

Answer 17

A pronoun that represents the literal or metaphorical distance of a thing or things, e.g. ‘this/these’ (near), ‘that/those’ (far)

Question 18

Possessive pronouns

Answer 18

A pronoun that demonstrates ownership, e.g. ‘mine’, ‘yours’ ‘hers’, ‘ours’

Question 19

Relative pronouns

Answer 19

A pronoun that used to connect a clause or phrase to a noun or pronoun, e.g. ‘The man WHO lives next door is miserable’

Question 20

Coordinating conjunctions

Answer 20

Signals the start of a coordinate clause
FANBOYS : for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Question 21

Subordinating conjunctions

Answer 21

Signals the start of a subordinate clause
e.g. after, although, as, as if, because, before, how, if, since, than, though, unless, until, when, where and while.

Question 22

Simple prepositions

Answer 22

Words which show how elements in a sentence relate to each other in terms of space or time

Function is demonstrated in one word, e.g. ‘in’, ‘on’

Question 23

Complex prepositions or Prepositional phrases

Answer 23

Words which show how elements in a sentence relate to each other in terms of space or time

Function is demonstrated in more than one word, e.g. ‘in front of’

Question 24

Concrete noun

Answer 24

Nouns that have a physical existence, e.g. ‘table’ ‘chair’

Question 25

Abstract noun

Answer 25

Nouns that refer to states, feelings, concepts etc. with no physical existence e.g. ‘pain’ ‘happiness’ ‘lesson’

Question 26

Proper noun

Answer 26

Nouns that refer to names of people, places, days of the week etc. that are always capitalised e.g. ‘London’ ‘Tuesday’

Question 27

Collective noun

Answer 27

Nouns that refer to a single group composed of multiple things e.g. a ‘class’ of students, a ‘school’ of fish

Question 28

Possessive determiner

Answer 28

Determiners that refer to who the noun belongs to, e.g. ‘my’, ‘our’

Question 29

Quantity determiner

Answer 29

Determiners that refer to the number of the noun, e.g. ‘several’ ‘many’

Question 30

Demonstrative determiner

Answer 30

Determiners that refer to the relationship/distance between speakers and noun, e.g. ‘this’, ‘those’

Question 31

Initialism

Answer 31

An abbreviation made up of the initial letters, pronounced separately (e.g. BBC, MMA)

Question 32

Compounds

Answer 32

Two words put together together into a single word (e.g. Facebook)

Question 33

Blends

Answer 33

Two words blended together into a single word (e.g. spork)

Question 34

Acronyms

Answer 34

An abbreviation made up of the initial letters, pronounced as a single word (e.g. NASA)

Question 35

Jargon

Answer 35

Overly complex language difficult for others to understand

Question 36

Collocation

Answer 36

Natural combination of words that are closely affiliated with each other

Question 37

Monosyllabic lexis

Answer 37

One syllable lexis, typically Anglo Saxon

Question 38

Polysyllabic lexis

Answer 38

More than one syllable lexis, typically French or Latinate

Question 39

Semantic field

Answer 39

A group of words with related meanings which may refer to the same subject

Question 40

Hypernyms

Answer 40

Term given to a collective subject word, e.g. colour

Question 41

Hyponyms

Answer 41

Sub categories of words within a hypernym, e.g. red, yellow

Question 42

Synonyms

Answer 42

Words that have the same meaning

Question 43

Antonyms

Answer 43

Words with opposite meanings

Question 44

Metonym

Answer 44

Words or phrases, usually including a concrete noun, representing a whole concept or ideology e.g. ‘I gave you my heart’ -> heart is the metonym, we all know it means love

Question 45

Litote

Answer 45

A form of understatement, the use of a negative statement in order to emphasize a positive meaning, e.g. ‘It wasn’t half bad’

Question 46

Definite article and Indefinite article

Answer 46

‘the’ - Definite
‘a’ - Indefinite