Microscope Flashcards
Optical instrument used to view or magnify minute specimen
Microscope
• Light illuminated
• Single lens system
• Image appears 3D
• Individual cells can’t be seen because it has low
magnification
• Enlarges object without inverting it
• Double convex, short focal length
SIMPLE MICROSCOPE OR MAGNIFIER
• Light illuminated
• Image appears 2D
• Most commonly used microscope
• Individual cells, even living cell can be viewed
• Has high magnification but low resolution
• Upright microscope, uses two set of lenses, 40-1000 times
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
• Consist of 2 microscope mounted in one body
• Each ocular can be adjusted
• Low magnification
• 3D perspective
• View live specimen
• More room for larger samples, slides not required
STEREOSCOPIC OR DISSECTING MICRSCOPE
• Electron illuminated
• Image is seen in 3D, picture appears in black and white
• Has high magnification and resolution
• Specimen is coated in gold and the electron bounces off to
give you an exterior view of the specimen
• Uses focus beam of high energy electrons to generate variety of signals at a solid specimen, 20-30,000 times
• Resolution: 50-100 nanometers
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM)
• Electron illuminated
• Gives 2D view
• Has high magnification and high resolution
• Powerful tool for material science
• High energy beam of electrons pass through a thin sample
and can observe features of sample object. If you need internal details of samples use this
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
V or U shaped structure that supports the whole instrument. Carries the microscopic illuminators
Base
The vertical extension of the base to which the arm is attached
Pillar
The curved basic part of the microscope to which the base, body and stage are attached
Arm
Movable part which facilitates tilting of microscope
Inclination joint
Platform upon which the slide containing the specimen is placed. Most common stage is mechanical stage which allows control of the slide using mechanical knobs
Stage
a pair of metal part that holds the slide in place
Stage clip
a hollow cylinder in front of the upper part of the arm that serve as housing for lens. Serves as passage way of light from the objective to eyepiece. Separates objective and eye piece, assures alignment of the optics
Body tube
the smaller cylinder attached to the base of the body tube. That holds the ocular
Draw tube
plate attached to the base of the body tube and situated above the revolving nosepiece. Protects objectives from dust and dirt
Dust shield
or revolving Tourette. A rotary head attached to the base of the body tube and holds the objective. Facilitates shifting of objective
Revolving nosepiece
used to adjust the objective when focusing which when turned clockwise or counter- clockwise, lowers or raises the body tube
Adjustment knob
these are upper, lower knob for faster movement of the body tube when focusing the low power objective
Coarse adjustment knob
these are lower, smaller knob used for final focusing under high power objective and in viewing at different level
Fine adjustment knob
lowers or raising the intensity of light. Lenses used to collect and focus the light from the illuminator to the specimen. The higher the condenser, the more image clarity
Abbe condenser
plate that regulates the amount of light that enters the condenser. Under the stage of the microscope
Iris diaphragm
usually 2 faced where one surface in plane (for very bright source of light) and the other is concave (for low intensity of light). Used to reflect light through the objective, lens and into the eyes
Mirror
the detachable tube on top of the draw tube. May be provided with a pointer which is used to point a part of the specimen. This is the part used to look through the microscope and can be found at the top. Standard magnification is 10x
Eyepiece or ocular
shortest cylinder with the widest opening. Has the lowest magnification. Used to observe wider field of object
Scanner
magnification of 10x. has a smaller lens opening compared to the scanner. Used in observing the general outline of the object under study and locate various part of the specimen
Low power objective
longer tube with smaller lens opening compared to LPO. Has a magnification of 45x
High power objective
the longest tube with the smallest lens opening and has a magnification varying from 90-100x
Oil immersion objective
