Micronutrients Flashcards
Calcium deficiency?
Osteoporosis or rickets
Osteoporosis - a condition resulting from calcium loss (outer shell becomes thin and weak)
Rickets - a disease in children - softening and distortion of bones
Iron deficiency ?
Anaemia - reduced haemoglobin in the body which carries oxygen to cells
Sodium deficiency?
Hyponatremia - excess fluid in the body relative to normal amount that moves into tissue cells
Disruption of fluid balance
Iodine deficiency
Enlarged thyroid gland
Retardation of babies
Hypothyroidism - not enough thyroid hormone produced
Potassium deficiency
Hypokalaemia - low potassium levels causes weakness and affects cellular processes
Water balance thrown out
Calcium excess?
Hypercalcemia/calcification
Calcium builds up in body tissue causing tissue to harden damaging kidneys and cv system
Calcium rich food sources
Dairy Prawns Broccoli Sardines with bones Sesame
Folate excess
vitamin b12 deficiency
Iodine food sources
Seafood
Iodised salt
Plant food
Iron food sources
Liver Red meat Egg yolk Fish Legumes Heart Green leafy veg Dried fruit
Potassium food sources
Fish Dried fruit Nuts Raw vegetables Instant coffee Bran Yeast extract
Sodium food sources
Salt
MSG
baking soda
Preservatives
Folate food sources
Green leafy veg Broccoli Citrus Legumes Nuts
Vitamin D food sources
Calcium and fatty fish & sun
Why is sugar bad
Provides empty kJ Few other nutrients essential Linked to tooth decay and gum disease High GI, energy not sustained Linked with diabetes and obesity Often high in fat and kJs and often processed
