Micronutrients Flashcards
Major extracellular cation Crucial in H2O balance
Na
RBC formation and maturation
Cyanocobalmin (B12)
Constituent of bones, teeth
Mg
Cofactor for enzyme involved in glucose and amino acid metabolism. Required for metabolism and synthesis of ribose sugars for nucleic acids.
Thiamin (B1)
Major lipid soluble antioxidant. Integral to membrane integrity
Vitamin E
Used in heme molecules
Fe
Faciliates Ca absorption, regulates gene transcription
Vitamin D
Intracellular cation–>maintains membrane polarization
K
Integral to clotting cascade
Vitamin K
Bones, cell signaling neural transmission
Ca
Catalyzes critical steps in metabolism
Biotin (B7)
Prominent antioxidant. Synthesis of collagen and neurotransmitters. Increases Fe absorption
Vitamin C
Vision, gene transcription, immunity and cellular maturation
Vitamin A
Fatty acid oxidation
Pantothenic Acid (B5)
DNA replication
Folate (B9)
Required for fatty acid oxidation and ATP production
Riboflavin (B2)
Extracellular anion. Aids in H2O balance. Contributes to gastric juices.
Cl
Insulin signaling, ATP, DNA backbone
Phosphorus
Coenzyme in amino acid metabolism and heme synthesis
Pyroxidine (B6)
Precursor for NAD/NADP
Niacin (B3)