Micronucleus Test Flashcards
DNA fragment that is separated from the main nucleus and has originated from a chromosome or fragment of a chromosome that fail to be included into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division
Micronucleus / Micronuclei (Howell-Jolly bodies)
Proponent of Howell-Jolly bodies
William Howell & Justin Jolly
Micronucleus / Micronuclei is an extracellular biomarker for _______________, which is used to assess toxicity
Chromosomal damage
Micronucleus / Micronuclei are typically round with a diameter of about ________ to _______ of the erythrocytes. They are almost __________-shaped (clue: nut)
1/20; 1/5; almond
This stage of cell division is where chromosomal breaks happen
Metaphase
This stage of cell division is where chromatin distribution disturbances happen
Anaphase
This stage of cell division is where the displaced chromatin are excluded from the nuclei of the daughter cells
Telophase
These are chromosome-breaking substances in the bone marrow and spleen
Clastogen
This substance, in the bone marrow or spleen, leads to loss of whole chromosome activity
Aneugen
Identification (Clastogen /Aneugen)
The pathway of this substance is: Break → Lagging Break → Acentric MN
Clastogen
Identication (Clastogen /Aneugen)
The pathway of this substance is: Spindle dysfunction → Lagging chromosome → Centric MN
Aneugen
Endpoints of genetic damage
Gene mutation, Clastrogenicity, Aneuploidy
Point mutations or deletions/insertions that affect single or blocks of genes. This happens during the replication stage of central dogma
Gene mutation
This endpoint results in structural chromosome changes
Clastrogenicity
The occurrence of one or more extra or missing chromosomes, leading to unbalanced chromosome complement
Aneuploidy