Microbiology Chapter 11 & 12 Flashcards
Moist heat
Operates at a lower temperature and shorter exposure time to archive the same results as dry heat
Halts cellular metabolism
Dry Heat
Low moister content that has been heated by flame it coil
Temperature can range in the thousands
Dry heat oxidizes the cell and burns them to ashes
Autoclave
Non pressurized steam
Substances that cannot withstand the high temperature is put through tyndallization
TDP
The lowest temperature at which all microbes are killed in a specific length of time (10 minutes)
TDT
Defined as the shortest length if time required to kill all test microbes at a specified temperature
Pasteurization
Disinfection of milk, juice, beer, and wine
Heat is applied to liquids to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage
Targets salmonella
Drug classes
Antibacterial
Anti fungal
Anti protozoan
Antiviral
Physical agents if controlling growth
Heat:
Dry-incineration
Moist-boiling water
Radiation:
Ionizing- X-ray
Non ionizing-UV
Disinfection
A process to destroy vegetative pathogens not endospores
Pasteurization
Sterilization
A process that destroys all microbes, viruses, and endospores
Tyndallization
Antisepsis
Disinfectants applied directly to exposed body surfaces
Iodine and germicidal soaps
Sanitization
Any cleansing technique that removes derbis, microorganisms, and toxins
Is affordable
Degermation
Mechanically removing microbes from the skin
Filtration
Sterilization is used to prepare liquids that cannot withstand heat including serum, vaccines, blood, IV fluid
Boiling water
Boiling water will kill most non-spore forming pathogens
Kills tubercle bacillus and staph
Heavy metals
Mercury silver gold copper Arsenic zinc
Bunds into proteins and inactivates them bring the metabolism to a standstill
Hypochlorates
Used for sanitation and disinfection if equipment, pools, water, and disinfection
Bleach
Idophors
Common iodine for skin
Antiseptic prep for surgery or injections
Phenolic
Microbicidal and will destroy befit active bacteria
Not sporicidal
Lysol and triclosan
Antiseptic
Milder phenol compounds and bisphenols
Detergent
Quays act as surfactants that alter membrane permeability of some bacteria an fungi
Hydrogen peroxide
Damage protein and DNA while becoming oxygen
Microbicide that can be used as an antiseptic for wounds
Alcohol
Destroys resistant vegetative bacteria an spores with enough exposure times
Inactivates enveloped spores quicker than non enveloped spores
Hexacholrophene
One used as cleansing soaps now only use to prevent outbreaks of skin infections
