Microbiology

Question 1

What are tested for in the standard DTaP/IPV/Hib + Hit?Men C + MMR

Which are attenuated live vaccines?

Answer 1

D: Diphtheria 
Ta: Tetnus 
IPV: polio
p: bordetella pertussis 
Ib: haemphilus influenza type 1

Men C

Mumps, Measles, Rubella

Question 2

How does whooping cough present

Answer 2

1. Cough

2. paroxysmal cough

Question 3

Test for whooping cough

Answer 3

Bordetella pertussis is a fastidious bacteria that does not growth well in culture medium 
1. Nasal Swabs for culture 
2. Nasal swab for  PCR 
Above must be < first 3 weeks 
3. Serology

Question 4

How to Tx whooping cough

Answer 4

• Macrolides (clarithromycin, erythromycin, azithromycin) for 7 days
• Only effective in 21 days
• Aim to reduce risk of spreading infections

after this point don’t Tx

• stay home from school
• notifiable disease

Question 5

What is haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)

What is it caused by?

Answer 5

It is is a triad of:

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (Coombs’ test negative).
Thrombocytopenia.
Acute kidney injury (acute renal failure).

E.Coli 0157

Question 6

Where is listeria monocytogenes from

Answer 6

unpastered chese, cold meats

Question 7

Differentials for diarrhoea

Answer 7

listeria monocytogenes
Salmonella 
Basilious serous 
shigella 
campylobacta 
staph aureus

Question 8

Tx for E. Coli 0157

Answer 8

Conservative management

- Not antibiotics

Question 9

Causes of bacterial meningitis in children

neonates?

Answer 9

Neiserria meningitis
Haemophilus influenza B
Men C (rare due vaccine)

E. coli
GBS
listeria monocytoegenes

Question 10

Antibiotics

Answer 10

Cephalosporins- check 5-7days

ceftuaxime

Question 11

Prevention

Answer 11

Vaccination

Prevention: ciprofloaxacin for contacts