Microbiology Flashcards
what is the figures for the CURB65 score
C - new onset of confusion
U - urea > 7
R - resp rate > 30/min
BP - systolic less than 90, diastolic less than 60
what organism is the commonest community acquired pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumonia
what organism causes Q fever
Coxiella brunetti
what type of organism that causing pneumonia is caused by birds
chlamydophilia psittaci
what is the lab confirmation of pneumonia organism
serology
PCR
what is the severe presentation of bronchiolitis
intercostal/sternal indrawing
decreased PaO2
what are the majority of bronchiolitis cases caused by
Respiratory Synctial Virus
RSV
how is RSV confirmed
throat swab
PCR
there is epidemics of RSV every summer - true or false
false
epidemics at winter
what organisms has the highest incidence in winter
metapneumovirus
metapneumovirus is the most likely cause of bronchioloitis - true or false
false
it is the second most likely
what organisms can cause infantile pneumonia and is also an STI
Chlamydia tachomatis
how can Chlamydia tachomatis be diagnosed
PCR of mother’s urine
throat swab of child
what organism can a test for psittacosis accidentally pick up
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
what organism can cause acute epiglottis
Haemophilus influenzae
what organism has a chocolate agar
haemophilus influenzae
the X and V test is used to identify haemophilus influenzae - true or false
true
what is the microscopy characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae
gram positive cocci in pairs/short chains
Alpha haemolytic colonies
what is the test for legionella pneumonia
urine antigen test
treatment for legionella pneumonia
erthyromycin
Or
clarythrimycin
what organism is the most likely cause of pneumonia in HIV (same organism with 2 names)
Pneumocysitis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
or Pneumocystis jiroveci
what is the method for diagnosing PCP/pneumocystis jiroveci
Bronchioalvelar lavage (BAL) or induced sputum and identification of cysts
treatment of PCP/pneumocystic jiroveci
Cotrimoxazole, pentamidine
most common fungal chest infection organism
Aspergillus fumigatus
what do we use to identify TB
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
what is the treatment for mild/moderate Community acquired pneumonia
Amoxicillin 1g Oral 5 days
what is the treatment for mild/moderate Community acquired pneumonia if allergic to penicillin
Doxycycline PO 200mg on day 1 then 100mg
or IV Clarithromycin
what is the score for mild/moderate community acquired pneumonia
0-2
what is the score for severe community acquired pneumonia
3-5
what is the treatment for severe CAP
Co-amoxiclav IV + either Clarithromycin IV or Doxycycline PO 100mg
what is the treatment for severe CAP is allergic to penicillin
IV Levofloxacin 500mg
treatment for severe HAP
IV Amoxicillin + Metronidazole + Gentamicin
Step down PO Co-trimoxazole + Metronidazole
treatment for severe HAP if penicillin allergic
IV Co-trimoxazole + Metronidazole +/- Gentamicin Step down to PO Co-trimoxazole + Metronidazole
what is the total length of time of treatment of HAP
7 days
treatment for non-severe HAP
PO Amoxicillin + Metronidazole (5 days)
treatment for non-severe HAP if penicillin allergic
PO Co-trimoxazole + Metronidazole
when are COPD exacerbations treated with antibiotics
if increased sputum purulence
what is the first line treatment of COPD exacerbation
Amoxicillin 500mg
2nd line treatment of COPD exacerbation
Doxycycline 200mg day 1
100mg then on
treatment of epiglottis
Ceftriaxone
