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Microbiology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

pts with streptococcus gallolyticus induced endocarditis are at high risk for

A

colon cancer

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1
Q

staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome findings

A

increased ast, alt, bilirubin

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2
Q

reheated rice syndrome

A

bacillus cereus

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3
Q

gram p, beta hemo, coagulase p, cocci

A

staph aureus

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4
Q

staph aureus diseases names

A

scalded skin synd
osteomyelitis
food poisoning
toxic shock synd
pneumonia
abscess
infective endocarditis
necrotizing fasciitis
septic arthritis

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5
Q

staph tss results in

A

increased ast, alt, bilirubin

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6
Q

gram p, catalase p, coagulase n, urease p, cocci, novobiocin sensitive

A

staph epidermidis

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7
Q

staph epidermidis ds

A

infects prosthetic devices (hip implant, heart valve) and IV catheters (biofilm producing)

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8
Q

gram p, catalase p, coag n, urease p, cocci, novobiocin resistant

A

staph saprophyticus

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9
Q

staph saprophyticus ds

A

uti in young females

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10
Q

gram p, alpha hemo, diplococci, optochin sensitive, bile soluble

A

strep pneumoniae

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11
Q

strep pneumoniae diseases

A

MOPS
meningitis
otitis media
pneumonia
sinusitis

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12
Q

gram p, alpha hemo, cocci, optochin res, bile insoluble

A

strep viridans

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13
Q

strep viridans ds

A

inf endocarditis in pts with damaged heart valves
dental caries

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14
Q

gram p, cocci, bacitracin sens, beta hemo, pyr pos

A

strep pyogenes

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15
Q

strep pyogenes diseases

A

pyogenic- pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo
toxigenic- scarlet fever, tss, necrotizing fasciitis
immunologic- rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis

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16
Q

scarlet fever symp

A

sandpaper like rash sparing palms and soles, strawberry tongue

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17
Q

gram p cocci, bacitracin res, beta hemo

A

strep agalactiae

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18
Q

strep agalactiae ds

A

pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis mainly in babies

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19
Q

staph aureus rx

A

penicillin, vancomycin

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20
Q

staph epidermidis rx

A

vancomycin

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21
Q

strep pneumoniae rx

A

macrolides
ceftriaxone

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22
Q

strep pyogenes rx

A

penicillin

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23
Q

strep agalactiae rx

A

intrapartum penicillin (ampicillin)

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24
Q

strep gallolyticus ds

A

bacteremia, inf endocarditis, increased incidence of colon cancer

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25
Q

enterococci ds

A

uti
bti
inf endocarditis

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26
Q

gram p cocci, catalase n, pyr pos, non hemo

A

enterococcus

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27
Q

enterococci medium

A

6.5% nacl and bile

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28
Q

enterococcus rx

A

ampicillin, linezolid, tigecycline

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29
Q

gram p, spore forming rods, medusa head colonies

A

bacillus anthracis

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30
Q

bacillus anthracis toxins

A

anthrax toxin
lethal factor (- map kinase)
edema factor (inc cAMP)

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31
Q

bacillus anthracis ds

A

cutaneous anthrax
pulmonary anthrax

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32
Q

cutaneous anthrax

A

ulcer with black eschar, may progress to bacteremia and death

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33
Q

pulmonary anthrax

A

potential bioweapon
flu like symp
progresses to pulm hemorrhage, mediastinitis (XRAY shows widened mediastinum)

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34
Q

pulm anthrax other name

A

wool sorter ds

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35
Q

anthrax rx

A

fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin)
doxycycline

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36
Q

cut and pulm anthrax complicatn

A

hemorrhagic meningitis

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37
Q

reheated rice synd caused by

A

bacillus cereus

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38
Q

bacillus cereus toxin name

A

cerulide

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39
Q

clost difficile diseases

A

watery diarrhea
pseudomembrane colitis

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40
Q

clost diff rx

A

oral vancomycin
metronidazole

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41
Q

clost tetani toxin

A

tetanospasmin (- gaba and glycine from renshaw cells)

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42
Q

clost tetani ds

A

spastic paralysis
trismus (lockjaw)
risus sardonicus (raised eyebrows and open grin)
opisthotonus (spasms of spinal extensors)

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43
Q

clost tetani rx

A

metronidazole, penicillin, diazepam for spasms

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44
Q

clost bot toxin mech

A

damages snare proteins, - ach release

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45
Q

clost botulinum ds

A

floppy baby synd, 5 D’s
Diplopia
Dysarthria
Dysphagia
Dyspnea
Descending flaccid paralysis

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46
Q

clost bot rx

A

human botulinum ig

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47
Q

clost perfringes toxin mech

A

alpha toxin that causes myonecrosis

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48
Q

clost perfringes ds

A

gas gangrene, hemolysis

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49
Q

clost perfringes rx

A

penicillin

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50
Q

corynb dip toxin mech

A

exotoxin inh prot synth via adp ribosylatn of ef-2

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51
Q

corynb dip ds

A

pseudomembranous pharyngitis
lymphadenopathy (bull neck appearance)
toxin disseminatn- myocarditis, arrythmias, neuropathies

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52
Q

corynb dip lab diag

A

meatchromatic granules
elek’s test pos

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53
Q

corynb dip rx

A

antitoxin +/- erythromycin or penicillin

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54
Q

listeria transmission

A

ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products, vaginal transmission during birth

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55
Q

listeria motility

A

tumbling

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56
Q

listeria ds

A

meningitis in immunocompromised (neonates and elders)
sepsis, amnionitis and spontaneous abortion in preg females

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57
Q

listeria rx

A

ampicillin

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58
Q

gram p, cat p, acid fast, long branching filaments

A

nocardia

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59
Q

nocardia ds

A

pulm infectn in immunocompromised
can spread to cns and cause abscess

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60
Q

noacrdia rx

A

sulfonamides

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61
Q

gram p, cat n, non acid fast, long branching filaments

A

actinomyces

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62
Q

actinomyces ds

A

oral/ facial abscess that drain through sinus tracts
dental caries
pid thro iud

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63
Q

yellow sulphur granules

A

actinomyces

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64
Q

actinomyces rx

A

penicillin

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65
Q

snap mnemonic

A

sulfonamides nocardia, actinomyces penicillin

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66
Q

fever, night sweats, wt loss, cough

A

tb

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67
Q

mycobacterium tb ppd test

A

positive if current or past infectn
neg if no infectn and immunocompromised pts

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68
Q

false pos myc tb

A

bcg vaccinatn

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69
Q

ppd test other name

A

mantoux test

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70
Q

ghon complex

A

hilar nodes involvements + ghon focus on lower/middle lobes of lung

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71
Q

reactivatn of tb high risk in

A

immunocompromised

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72
Q

tb reactivatn lobes involved

A

upper

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73
Q

hansen ds

A

leprosy

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74
Q

resevoir of myc leprae in USA

A

armadillos

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75
Q

2 forms of leprosy

A

tuberculous and lepromatous

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76
Q

lepromatous leprosy

A

low cmi
leonine (lionlike facies)
th2 response
lethal

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77
Q

tuberculoid leprosy

A

high cmi
hairless plaques
th1 response

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78
Q

leprosy rx

A

lepromatous-
dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine (2-5 yrs)

tuberculoid-
dapsone, rifampin (6 months)

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79
Q

gram n, diplococci, metabolise glucose, no maltose acid detectn

A

neisseria gonorrhae

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80
Q

neiss gon ds

A

Gonorrhea
septic arthritis
pid
neonatal conjuctivitis
fitz-hugh-curtis synd

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81
Q

neiss gon rx

A

ceftriaxone, screen for chlamydia as well
if chlamydia present, then add doxycycline

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82
Q

gram n, gluc met p, maltose acid det pos

A

neiss men

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83
Q

neiss men ds

A

meningococcemia with petechial hem
waterhouse-friderichsen synd

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84
Q

neis men rx

A

ceftriaxone

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85
Q

neis men close contacts rx

A

rifampin

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86
Q

hem inf culture

A

chocolate agar that contains factor 10,5
also be grown with staph aureus

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87
Q

hem inf ds

A

haEMOPhilus
E- Epiglottitis
M- Meningitis
O- Otitis Media
P- Pneumonia

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88
Q

hem inf vaccine schedule

A

b/w 2 to 18 months of age
pref 2,4,6,15 months

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89
Q

hem inf rx

A

ceftriaxone

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90
Q

hem inf close contacts

A

rifampin

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91
Q

burkholderia cepacia

A

causes pneumonia in pts with underlying lung ds (eg. cystic fibrosis)

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92
Q

3 stages of bordtella infectn

A

catarrhal- like cold
paroxysmal- whooping cough
convalescent- 100 days chronic cough

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93
Q

bordtella effect on leucocytes

A

causes lymphocytosis

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94
Q

pertussis rx

A

macrolides
(if allergic use TMP-SMX)

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95
Q

brucella transmission

A

ingestn of contaminated animal products (eg unpasteurised milk)

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96
Q

brucella disease

A

undulant fever
night sweats
arthralgia

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97
Q

brucella effects

A

hepatomegaly
splenomegaly
lymphadenopathy

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98
Q

brucella rx

A

doxycycline, rifampin

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99
Q

brucella complicatn

A

osteomyelitis

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100
Q

legionella stain

A

gm stains poorly so use silver stain

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101
Q

legionella medium

A

charcoal yeast extract medium with iron and cysteine

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102
Q

legionella lab diag

A

elevated Ag in urine
hyponatremia
elevated transaminases

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103
Q

legionnaire’s ds

A

atypical pneumonia
unilateral and lobar

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104
Q

pontiac fever

A

mild flu like

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105
Q

legionella rx

A

macrolides, fluoroquinolones

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106
Q

aerobic, motile, cat p, gram n, nlf, oxi p rods

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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107
Q

pseudomonas ds

A

pneuomonia
sepsis
ecthyma gangrenosum
uris
diabetes
osteomyelitis
nocosomial
addictn (infects iv drug users)
skin infectns

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108
Q

ecthyma gangrenosum

A

produced by pseudomonas specifically in immunocomp

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109
Q

rx of pseudomonas

A

piperacillin-tzobactam, fluoroquinolones

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110
Q

salmonella typhi virulence factor

A

vi capsule

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111
Q

salmonella typhi vaccine available?

A

yes

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112
Q

salmonella typhi rx

A

ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones

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113
Q

salmonella species vaccine available?

A

no

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114
Q

salmonella species except typhi reservoir

A

poultry, eggs

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115
Q

shigella ds

A

bloody diarrhea

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116
Q

yersinia enterocolitica staining

A

bipolar

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117
Q

yersinia entero ds

A

acute bloody diarrhea
pseudoappendicitis
reactive arthritis

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118
Q

lactose fermenting colonies eg

A

McCowkey CEEKS milk.

Citrobacter
E.coli
Enterobacter
Klebsiella
Serratia

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119
Q

e coli ds

A

cystitis and pyelonephritis (utis)
pneumonia and neonatal meningitits
septic shock

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120
Q

EHEC serotype

A

O157:H7

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121
Q

EHEC is like which other toxin

A

shiga toxin

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122
Q

shiga toxin triad

A

anemia
thrombocytopenia
acute kidney inj
(HUS)

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123
Q

klebsiella ds

A

uti (nocosomial)
lobar pneumonia

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124
Q

klebsiella sputum

A

red jelly

125
Q

gm n, comma shaped, oxi p, grows at 42 degree C

A

Campy

126
Q

campy ds

A

bloody diarrhea

127
Q

campy transm

A

undercooked contaminated poultry

128
Q

campy complicatns

A

reactive arthritis and Guillan-Barre synd

129
Q

gm n, urease p, swarming motility

A

proteus

130
Q

proteus ds

A

uti
renal stones (struitive, staghorn calculi)

131
Q

comma shaped, gm n, oxi p, grows in alkaline medium

A

vibrio chol

132
Q

vib chol moa

A

inc camp

133
Q

vib chol transm

A

uncooked food like raw shellfish

134
Q

vib chol ds

A

rice water diarrhea
septicemia
cellulitisv

135
Q

vib chol inf high risk in

A

pts with high serum iron
(hemochromatosis, cirrhosis)

136
Q
A
137
Q
A
138
Q
A
139
Q

curved, cat p, oxi p, urease p

A

h pylori

140
Q

h pylori ds

A

gastritis
pud
gastric adenocarcinoma
malt lymphoma

141
Q

h pylori rx

A

triple therapy of
clarithromycin
omeprazole
amoxicillin

quadruple therapy add bismuth

142
Q

spirochetes names

A

leptospira
treponema
borrelia

143
Q

jarisch-herxheimer synd

A

flu like symp after starting antibiotic therapy for borrelia

144
Q

borrelia ds

A

lyme ds

145
Q

borrelia transm by

A

ixodes tick

146
Q

ixodes tick reservoir

A

mouse, deer

147
Q

stages of lyme ds

A

stage 1,2,3

148
Q

stage 1 lyme ds

A

erythema migrans (bulls eye appearance)
flu like symp

149
Q

stage 2 lyme ds

A

carditis, av block, bell’s palsy

150
Q

stage 3 lyme ds

A

encephalopathy, arthritis, peripheral neuropathy

151
Q

rx lyme ds

A

doxycycline - stage 1
ceftriaxone- stage 2
amoxicillin- preg women, children

152
Q

leptospira found where

A

water cont with animal urine

153
Q

leptospirosis features

A

flulike symp, jaundice, conjuctival suffusion

154
Q

leptospirosis common among

A

surfers and in tropics like Hawaii

155
Q

leptospira ds

A

leptospirosis
weil’s ds

156
Q

weil’s ds featrues

A

severe jaundice
liver and kidney dysfunctn
anemia
fever

157
Q

syphilis caused by

A

treponema

158
Q

syphilis types

A

primary
secondary
tertiary
congenital

159
Q

primary syphilis

A

painless chancre

160
Q

primary syphilis diag

A

dark field micros
vdrl test

161
Q

secondary syphilis

A

maculopapular rash (includes palms and soles)
condylomata lata (white lesions on genitals)

162
Q

syphilis specific test

A

fta-abs

163
Q

tertiary syphilis

A

gummas (chronic granulomas)
aortitis
tabes dorsalis (neurosyphilis)
argyll robertson pupil

164
Q

congenital syphilis

A

facial abn like rhagades, snuffles
hutchison teeth
mulberry molars
deafness

165
Q

when does placental transm of syphilis occur

A

1st trimester

166
Q

syphilis rx

A

penicillin G

167
Q

false positive vdrl test

A

false P- VDRL
pregnancy
viral infectn (EBV, hepatitis)
drugs (chlorpromazine, procainamide)
rf
lupus, leprosy

168
Q

2 form of chlamydia

A

elementary and reticulate

169
Q

chlamydia trachomatis ds

A

neonatal conjuctivitis
urethritis
pid
arthritis

170
Q

chl pneumoniae and psittaci cause what

A

walking pneumonia (atypical)

171
Q

stain for chlamydia

A

giemsa

172
Q

chlamydia rx

A

doxycycline
macrolides
ceftriaxone (added if gonorrhea pos)

173
Q

chlamydia serotypes that cause blindness due to conjuctivitis

A

types a, b, c

174
Q

chlam serotypes causing urethritis and pid

A

serotype d-k

175
Q

serotypes l1, l2, l2 of chlam cause

A

lymphogranuloma venerum
(swollen inguinal lymph nodes)

176
Q

gardnerella test

A

amine whiff test
(mixing discharge with 10% koh enhances fish odor)

177
Q

gardnerella rx

A

metronidazole
clindamycin

178
Q

rickettsia rikcettsii ds

A

rocky mountain spotted fever

179
Q

rmsf commonly seen in which area

A

east coast

180
Q

endemic typhus caused by

A

rickettsia typhi

181
Q

epidemic typhus caused by

A

rickettsia prowazeki

182
Q

typhus rash

A

starts centrally, spreads out, sparing palms and soles

183
Q

rickettsia rx

A

doxycycline

184
Q

ehrlichosis and anaplasmosis cytoplasm findings

A

MEGA
Monocytes- ehrlrichosis
Granulocytes- anaplasma

185
Q

coxiella causes

A

q fever

186
Q

q fever findings

A

headache, cough, pneumonia, hepatitis

187
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae ds

A

walking atypical pneumonia

188
Q

mycoplasma cell wall contains

A

sterols

189
Q

mycoplasma grows on which medium

A

eaton agar

190
Q

mycoplasma commonly seen in

A

<30 yrs old
military recruits, prisons, colleges

191
Q

mycoplasma rx

A

macrolides

192
Q

systemic mycoses ds

A

pneumonia, can also disseminate

193
Q

systemic mycoses fungi morphism

A

dimorphic
(mold in cold, yeast in heat)

194
Q

systemic mycoses rx

A

azole drugs- local infectn
(fluconazone, ketoconazole, itraconazole)

amphotericin B- systemic infectn

195
Q

histoplasma locatn

A

mississipi and ohio river valleys

196
Q

histoplasmosis findings in blood

A

macrophages filled with histoplasma

197
Q

histoplasma findings

A

tongue ulcers, splenomegaly, erythema nodosum

198
Q

histoplasma reservoir

A

bird/bat droppings (caves)

199
Q

histoplasma diag

A

serum and urine Ag

200
Q

blastomycosis locatn

A

eastern and central USA

201
Q

blastomy pathological finding

A

broad based budding (same as size of rbc)

202
Q

blastomy signs

A

infl lung ds
osteomyelitis (disseminatn) (mimics SCC)

203
Q

coccidioidomycoses found in which region

A

southwest usa, cali

204
Q

coccid signs

A

disseminatn to bone, skin
arthralgia
erythema nodosum
meningitis

205
Q

coccid spreads from

A

dust exposure

206
Q

candida morphism

A

dimorphic
pseudohypahe at 20 deg C
hyphae/germ tubes at 37 deg C

207
Q

candida ds

A

oral, esophageal candidasis
candidasis in immunocomp
vulvovaginitis in diabetics, use of antibiotics and birth pills
infective endocarditis in IV drug abusers
disseminated candidasis in neutropenic patients

208
Q

candida rx

A

azoles
AMB for major cases
if AMB resistant then use Capsofungin

209
Q

aspergillus hyphae angle

A

45 acute angle

210
Q

aspergillus ds

A

invasive aspergillosis in immunocomp patients
aspergillomas esp after TB
aflatoxins (hcc)

211
Q

aflatoxins mutate which gene

A

tp53

212
Q

aspergillus rx

A

voriconazole

213
Q

allergic bronchopulm asperfillosis

A

type 1 hyperS

214
Q

mucor and rhizopus hyphae

A

non septate, wide angles

215
Q

mucormyc seen commonly in which pts

A

DKA, leukemia pts (neutropenia)

216
Q

mucormyc findings on face

A

black eschar on face

217
Q

mucormyc rx

A

surgery, azoles, AMB

218
Q

cryotococc capsulated?

A

heavily encapsulated

219
Q

cryptococc morphism

A

not dimorphic

220
Q

cryptococc stain

A

india ink (clear halo)
and mucicarmine stain (red)

221
Q

crytpococc test

A

latex agglutinatn

222
Q

cryptococc ds

A

meningitis
pneumonia
encephalitis (soap bubble lesions in brain)

223
Q

cryptococc rx

A

AMB+flucytosine
followed by fluconazole for meningitis

224
Q

pneumocystis occurs in which pts

A

immunosuppressed like aids

225
Q

pneumocystis chest x ray

A

ground glass appearance

226
Q

pneumocystis diag

A

BAL
bronchoalveolar lavage

227
Q

pneumocystis stain

A

disc shaped yeast seen on methanamine silver stain

228
Q

pneumocystis rx

A

tmp-smx (bactrim)
if there is allergy to sulfa drugs, use pentamidine

229
Q

sporothrix morphism

A

dimorphic

230
Q

sporothrix shape

A

cigar shaped

231
Q

sporothrix transm

A

by a thorn

232
Q

sporothrix ds

A

local pustule or ulcer with local lymph node inv
disseminated ds possible in immunocomp

233
Q

sporothrix rx

A

itraconazole
pot iodide

234
Q

enterobius ds

A

anal pruritis

235
Q

enterobius test

A

tape test

236
Q

enterobius rx

A

bendazoles
pyrantel pamoate

237
Q

ascaris ds

A

obst at ileocecal valve
can migrate to lungs, cause loeffler synd

238
Q

ascaris diag

A

oval eggs in feces

239
Q

ascaris rx

A

bendazoles

240
Q

strongyloides ds

A

duodenitis
dry cough, hemoptysis
hyperinfectn in immunocomp

241
Q

strongyloides diag

A

rhabtidiform larvae in stool

242
Q

strongyloides rx

A

ivermectin or bendazoles

243
Q

ancylostoma ds

A

microcytic anemia
cut larva migrans- pruritic, serpiginous rash

244
Q

ancylostoma transm

A

walking barefoot on contaminated beach/soil

245
Q

ancylostoma rx

A

bendazoles
PAM

246
Q

trichinella ds

A

myositis
trichinosis- fever, vom, nausea, periorbital edema, myalgia

247
Q

trichinella transm

A

undercooked meat (esp pork)

248
Q

trichinella rx

A

bendazoles

249
Q

toxocara canis ds

A

visceral larva migrans- affects liver, visual imp, seizures, myocarditis

250
Q

toxo canis rx

A

bendazoles

251
Q

onchocerce ds

A

black skin nodules

252
Q

onchocerce transm

A

female black fly

253
Q

onchocerca rx

A

ivermectin

254
Q

loa loa transm

A

flies

254
Q

loa loa ds

A

swelling in skin

255
Q

loa loa rx

A

diethylcarbamazine

256
Q

wuchereria ds

A

lymphatic filariasis

257
Q

wuchereria transm

A

female mosq

258
Q

wuchereria rx

A

diethylcarbamazine

259
Q

taenia solium other name

A

intestinal tapeworm

260
Q

taenia solium ds

A

cysticercosis
neurocysticercosis (cystic CNS lesions)

261
Q

taenia solium transm

A

ingestion of undercooked pork

262
Q

taenia solium rx

A

praziquantel
albendazole for neurocysticercosis

263
Q

taenia saginata transm

A

ingestion of undercooked beef

264
Q

diphyllobothrium lata ds

A

causes vit b12 def that leads to megaloblastic anemia

265
Q

diphyllobothrium lata transm

A

ingestion of raw freshwater fish (fish tapeworm)

266
Q

diphyllo lata rx

A

praziquantel

267
Q

echinococcus ds

A

hydatid cyst (eggshell calcificatn)
cyst rupture can cause anaphylaxis

268
Q

echinococcus transm

A

dog feces
sheep (int host)

269
Q

echinococcus rx

A

albendazole, surgery for complicated cysts

270
Q

schistosoma other name

A

trematodes (flukes)

271
Q

schistosoma ds

A

portal hyperT
diarrhea
abd pain
IDA

S.haematobium causes SCC of bladder and pulm hyperT

272
Q

schistosoma rx

A

praziquantel

273
Q

schistosoma transm

A

snails (int host)
cercariae penetrate skin of humans while swimming)

274
Q

clonorhcis sinesis ds

A

pigmented gall stones
ass. with cholangiocarcinoma

275
Q

clonorchis transm

A

undercooked fish

276
Q

clonorchis rx

A

praziquantel

277
Q

giardia ds

A

bloating
fatty diarrhea

278
Q

giardia diag

A

trophozoites, cysts in stool

279
Q

giardia rx

A

metronidazole
tinidazole
nitazoxanide

280
Q

toxoplasma ds

A

mononucleosis like symp
in aids pts- brain abscess with ring enhancing lesions on mri
congenital toxo- triad
chorioretinitis
hydrocephalus
intracranial calcificatns

281
Q

toxoplasma transm

A

cysts in meat
oocysts in cat feces

282
Q

toxoplasma rx

A

sulfadiazine+pyrimethamine
prophylaxis with TMP-SMX

283
Q

plasmodium transm

A

anopheles mosq

284
Q

plasmodium rx

A

sensitive- chloroquine
resistant- mefloquine
doxycycline or
atovaquone/proguanil
life threatening- quinine or artesunate

285
Q

when giving artesunate or quinine, what should be kept in consideratn

A

test pt for g6pd def

286
Q

p malariae fever pattern

A

72 hour fever (quartan)

287
Q

p vivax/ovale fever pattern

A

48 hour fever (tertian)

288
Q

p vivax/ovale liver findings

A

hypnozoites in liver

289
Q

p vivax/ovale rx

A

add primaquine for hypnozoites in liver

290
Q

p falciparum fever pattern

A

irregular

291
Q

p falciparum trophozoite shape

A

headphone

292
Q

p falciparum gametocyte shape

A

crescent shape

293
Q

trypanosoma cruzi ds

A

chagas ds

294
Q

chagas ds

A

dilated cardiomyopathy
megacolon
megaesophagus
unilateral periorbital swelling (romana sign)

295
Q

trypanosoma cruzi transm

A

triatomine insect (kissing bug)

296
Q

trypanosoma cruzi rx

A

nifurtimox

297
Q

leishmania ds

A

visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar)- fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia
cutaneous leishamaniasis- skin ulcers

298
Q

leishmania transm

A

sandfly

299
Q

leishmania diag

A

macrophages containing amastigotes

300
Q

leishmania rx

A

AMB
stibogluconate

301
Q

trichomonas vaginalis ds

A

vaginitis- foul smelling, greenish discharge

302
Q

trichomonas transm

A

sexual

303
Q

trichomonas diag

A

strawberry cervix

304
Q

trichomonas rx

A

metronidazole

305
Q

sarcoptes scabei ds

A

scabies

306
Q

scabies ds

A

sarcoptes scabei mites bury into stratum cornea- pruritis and lines b/w fingers and toes

307
Q

scabites transm

A

fomites
skin to skin contact

308
Q

sarcoptes scabei rx

A

permethrin cream, oral ivermectin

309
Q

pediculus

A

USMLE (3 decks)

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