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AKT > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Ex of COPD

A

Amoxicillin/ tetracycline or clarithromycin

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2
Q

Antibiotic of choice for CAP

A

Amoxicillin
Doxy or clarithromycin if pen allergic, add flucloxacillin if suspected staphylococci

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3
Q

Antibiotic of choice for pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens

A

Clarithromycin

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4
Q

Antibiotic of choice for HAP

A

Within 5 days of admission - Co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
> 5 days adter admission - Tazocin/ broad spectrum cephalosporin or a quinolone

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5
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Lower UTI

A

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin, alternatively amoxicillin or cephalosporin

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6
Q

Antibiotic of choice for acute pyelonephritis

A

Broad spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

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7
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Acute prostatitis

A

Quinolone or trimethoprim

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8
Q

Antibiotic of choice for impetigo

A

topical hydrogen peroxide, if widespread flucloxacillin or erythromycin orally

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9
Q

Antibiotic of choice for cellulitis

A

Flucloxacillin (Clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if pen allergic)

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10
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Cellulitis near the eyes or nose

A

Co-amox (clarithromycin + metronidazole if pen allergic)

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11
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Erysipelas

A

Flucloxacillin (Clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if pen allergic)

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12
Q

Antibiotic of choice for animal or human bite

A

Co amox ( Doxy + metronidazole if pen allergic)

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13
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Mastitis during breast feeding

A

flucloxacillin

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14
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Throat infections

A

Pen V (erythromycin if pen allergic)

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15
Q

Antibiotic of choice for sinusitis

A

Pen V

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16
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Otitis Media

A

Amoxicillin

17
Q

Antimicrobial of choice for otitis externa

A

mild - moderate: ombined topical antibiotic and corticosteroid
Severe - flucloxacillin (erythromycin if pen allergic)

18
Q

Antibiotic of choice for dental abscess

A

Amoxicillin

19
Q

Antibiotic of choice for acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)

A

Metronidazole

20
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Gonorrhoea

A

IM Ceftriaxone

21
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Chlamydia

A

Doxycycline or azithromycin

22
Q

Antibiotic of choice for PID

A

Oral ofloxacin + oral metronidazole or
IM ceftriaxone + oral doxy + oral metronidazole

23
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Syphilis

A

IM benzylpenicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin (14 days)

24
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Bacterial Vaginosis

A

oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

25
Q

Antibiotic of choice for C. difficile

A

first episode - oral vancomycin
subsequent episodes - oral fidaxomicin

26
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Campylobacter enteritis

A

Clarithromycin

27
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Salmonella (non-typhoid)

A

Ciprofloxacin

28
Q

Antibiotic of choice for Shigellosis

A

Ciprofloxacin

29
Q

Antibiotic of choice for UTI in pregnancy

A

first line nitrofurantoin (avoid near term)
second line - amoxicillin or cefalexin
Avoid trimethoprim, especially first trimester

30
Q

Features of Giardiasis

A

Asymptomatic
non-bloody diarrhoea/steatorrhoea
bloating, abdominal pain
lethargy
flatulance
weight loss
malabsorption
longer lengths of illness than other causes of traveller’s diarrhoea

31
Q

Risk factors for giardiasis

A

foreign travel
swimming/drinking water from rivers or lakes
MSM

32
Q

Investigations for giardiasis

A

stool microscopy - 65% sensitivity
stool antigen detection assay

33
Q

Treatment for giardiasis

A

Metronidazole

34
Q

Treatment for threadworms

A

One off Mebendazole for the whole household. + hygiene advice.

35
Q

How do Quinolones work?
3 examples

A

directly bactericidal antibiotics
ciprofloxacin, olfloxacin, levofloxacin

36
Q

How do Cephalosporins work?
3 examples
important consideration

A

Beta-lactam - inhibit cell wall synthesis
ceftriaxone, cefalexin, cefotaxim
10% penicillin allergy cross sensitivity

AKT (9 decks)

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