Microbiology

Question 1

How can direct virus detection be done for PCR?

Answer 1

Nasopharyngeal swabs

Question 2

What does the killed flu vaccine contain?

Answer 2

2 Influenza A viruses, 1 influenza B virus

Question 3

The live attenuated flu vaccine is more effective than the killed vaccine in which age group?

Answer 3

Children aged 2-17

Question 4

Where does H. influenzae tend to colonise in the body?

Answer 4

Upper respiratory tract

Question 5

H. influenza is a Gram positive bacillus. True/False?

Answer 5

False

Gram negative bacillus

Question 6

Which organisms are most commonly associated with exacerbations of COPD?

Answer 6

H. influenzae - gram negative coccobacillus
Strep pneumoniae - gram positive alpha/ partial haemolysis cocci chains
Moraxella catarrhalis - gram negative diplococcus

Question 7

Which organism causes whooping cough?

Answer 7

Bordetella pertussis

Question 8

Strep pneumoniae is a B-haemolitic cocci in clusters. True/False?

Answer 8

False

A-haemolytic cocci in chains

Question 9

The majority of organisms that cause HAP are Gram what?

Answer 9

Negative

Question 10

If CURB56 score 0-2, which antibiotics are given?

Answer 10

Amoxicillin (Doxycycline if penicillin allergic)

Question 11

If CURB65 score 3-5, which antibiotics are given?

Answer 11

Co-amoxiclav + Doxycyline/ clarithromycin (IV levofloxacin if penicillin allergic)

Question 12

In severe HAP, which antibiotics are given?

Answer 12

Amoxicillin (Co-trimoxazole if penicillin allergic), Metronidazole, Gentamicin

Question 13

Which antibiotics are used for Legionnaire’s disease?

Answer 13

Erythromycin/Clarithromycin

Levofloxacin if penicillin allergic

Question 14

Which organism particularly causes pneumonia in AIDS patients?

Answer 14

Pneumocystis jiroveci