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Microbio Random questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Failure of isotype switching with recurrent bacterial sinus and lung infection

A

Selective IgA deficiency

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2
Q

Profound deficit of T cells; failure of development of thymus and parathyroids. Catch 22

A

Di George Syndrome

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3
Q

Inability to mount IgM response. Mutation in WASP gene. Thrombocytopenia, infections, eczema (tie a WASP)

A

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

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4
Q

Autosomal recessive disease. Mutations in DNA repair enzymes. IgA deficiency

A

Ataxia-telangiectasia

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5
Q

Lack of NADPH oxidase activity

A

Chronic Granulomatous Diseae

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6
Q

Diagnostic test of CGD

A

Nitroblue tetrazolium test

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7
Q

Plastic bubble. X-linked defect in IL-2 receptors in T cells

A

Severe combined immunodeficiency

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8
Q

AR disease wherein there is failure of phagolysosomal fusion

A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

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9
Q

Staph aureus immunomodulators specific for white blood cells

A

Panton Valentin Leukocidin

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10
Q

Sequestered focus of osteomyelitis arising in the metaphyseal bone

A

Brodie abscess

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11
Q

Eponym of Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

A

Ritter Disease

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12
Q

Eponym of TEN

A

Lyell Disease

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13
Q

Pastia’s lines is found where

A

Scarlet fever

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14
Q

Marantic endocarditis

Abdominal surgery

A

Group D streptococcus - E. Faecalis

Streptococcus bovis

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15
Q

Satellite phenomenon around S. Aureus colonies

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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16
Q

Pontiac Fever

A

Legionella Pneumophilia

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17
Q

Metallic green sheen appearance

A

E. Coli

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18
Q

Coma shaped, shooting star motility

A

Vibrio cholera

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19
Q

Food fingers feces flies

A

Shigella species

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20
Q

Most common cause of bacillary dysentery

A

Shigella sonnei or Duval’s bacillus

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21
Q

Currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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22
Q

Very low levels of all immunoglobulins; absence of B cells

A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Or Bruton’s Disease

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23
Q

Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle leading to detachment

A

Higoumenakis sign

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24
Q

Influenza like symptoms few hours after receiving penicillin due to lysis of treponemes

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

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25
Q

Snowflake lesion in the chest Xray

A

Leptospirosis

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26
Q

Infectious form of chlamydia trachomatis. Enters via endocytosis

A

Elementary Body

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27
Q

Form of Chlamydia spp that replicates in cell by fission

A

Reticulate body

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28
Q

Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjuctival epithelial cells in trachoma

A

Halberstadter - Prowazek inclusions

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29
Q

Striking tachypnea, characteristic paroxysmal cough present in neonatal pneumonia from chlamydial infection (atypical pneumonia)

A

Staccato cough

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30
Q

Bird Fancier’s Disease

A

Psittacosis

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31
Q

Donovan bodies like safety pins. Beef red ulcer

A

Donovanosis

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32
Q

Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle leading to detachment

A

Higoumenakis sign

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33
Q

Influenza like symptoms few hours after receiving penicillin due to lysis of treponemes

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

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34
Q

Snowflake lesion in the chest Xray

A

Leptospirosis

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35
Q

Infectious form of chlamydia trachomatis. Enters via endocytosis

A

Elementary Body

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36
Q

Form of Chlamydia spp that replicates in cell by fission

A

Reticulate body

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37
Q

Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjuctival epithelial cells in trachoma (chlamydia trachomatis)

A

Halberstadter - Prowazek inclusions

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38
Q

Striking tachypnea, characteristic paroxysmal cough present in neonatal pneumonia from chlamydial infection (atypical pneumonia)

A

Staccato cough

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39
Q

Bird Fancier’s Disease

A

Psittacosis

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40
Q

Donovan bodies like safety pins. Beef red ulcer

A

Donovanosis

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41
Q

Mites or chiggers

A

Orentia tsutsugamushi

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42
Q

Example of human prion disease

A

Creutzfeld - Jacob Disease, Kuru, Gerstmann straussler scheinker syndrome

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43
Q

Three obligate anaerobes

A

Actinomyces, bacteroides, clostridium

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44
Q

All exotoxins are heat labile except

A

Staphylococcal enterotoxin

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45
Q

All bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycans except

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (sterol)

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46
Q

All gram positive bacteria have no endotoxin except

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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47
Q

All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except

A

Bacillus anthracis (polypeptide)

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48
Q

AR disease, mutation in integrins, delayed separation of umbilical cord of more than 10 days

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency/Lazy leukocyte disease

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49
Q

Causes the gold color of staph aureus

A

Staphyloxanthin

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50
Q

Causes epidermal separation in staph aurues

A

Exfoliatin

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51
Q

Superantigen jn staph aureus causing food poisoning

A

Enterotoxin

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52
Q

Superantigen leading to toxic shock syndrome

A

TSST-1

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53
Q

Causes marked necrosis of the skin and hemolysis

A

Alpha toxin

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54
Q

Separation occurs at the dermo-epidermal junction

A

TEN

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55
Q

Two bacteria that are positive PYR test

A

Group D enterococci

Streptococcus pyogenes

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56
Q

Degrades DNA in exudates or necrotic tissue

A

DNAse or streptodornase

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57
Q

Toxin that produces scarlet fever

A

Erythrogenic toxin

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58
Q

Protease that rapidly destroys tissue causing necrotizing fascitiis

A

Exotoxin B

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59
Q

Sandpaper rash, pastia’s lines desquamation, strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

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60
Q

SPECS

A

Jones criteria

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61
Q

St. Vito’s dance is also known as

A

Sydenhams chorea in acute rheumatic fever

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62
Q

Congenital absence of spleen seen in post splenectomy patients

A

Ivermark sydrome

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63
Q

Box car shape

Medusa head morphology

A

Bacillus anthracis

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64
Q

Obtained from reheated rice

A

Bacillus cereus

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65
Q

Tennis like racket appearance

A

Clostridium tetani

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66
Q

Bulging cans, honey and household duat

A

Clostridium botulinum

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67
Q

Lecithinase gas forming, egg yolk

A

Clostridium perfringens

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68
Q

Pseumembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

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69
Q

Chinese characters, curved or comma shaped, black colonies on tellurite

A

Corynebacterium diphtheria

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70
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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71
Q

Woolsorter’s disease

A

Bacillus anthracis

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72
Q

3 virulence factors of bacillus anthracis

A 
Edema factor (EF)
Lethal factor (LF)
Protective antigen (PA)
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73
Q

2 spectrum of disease caused by bacillus anthracis

A

Cutaneous anthrax

Inhalation anthrax

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74
Q

Toxin of clostridium tetani

A

Tetanospasmin

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75
Q

Glycine is found where

A

Renshaw cells

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76
Q

Triad of Botulinum

A

Symmetric descending flaccid paralysis
Absence of fever
Intact sensorium

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77
Q

When babies ingest spores found in household dust or honey

A

Infant Botulism

Floppy Baby Syndrome

78
Q

Ferments matlose and glucose
Kidney bean shaped
Disease of proximity esp in close quarters

A

N. Meningitides

79
Q

Ferments glucose only

A

N. Gonorrhea

80
Q

Late acting complement components (c5-c9) wherein MACs cannot be formed. What organism?

A

N. Meningitides

81
Q

Severe form of meningococcemia characterized by high fever, shock, widespread purpura and adrenal insufficiency

A

Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome

82
Q

Neiserria infection characterized by petechial rashes/purpura (purpura fulminans)

A

Meningococcemia

83
Q

Usual co-infection with N. Meningitides

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

84
Q

Perihepatitis

Violin string adhesions

A

Fitz hugh curtis syndrome

85
Q

Other neiseriacaea that cause subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

HACEK

86
Q

Coolant, airconditioning

A

Legionella pneumophilia

87
Q

Gran negative coccobacillary rods that requires factor X (hemin) and V (NAD)

A

Haemophilus influenza

88
Q

Reason why HiB affects children from 6 months to 1 year exclusively

A

Decline in maternal IgG and immature system

89
Q

Cherry red Epiglottitis, thumb sign

A

Haemophilus influenza B

90
Q

Etiology of LTB

A

Parainfluenza

91
Q

Radiographic sign found in parainfluenza

A

Steeple sign

92
Q

Toxin in bordetella responsible for damaging ciliated cells causing whooping cough

A

Tracheal cytotoxin

93
Q

Best time to obtain culture in bordetella pertussis

A

1-2 weeks during the catarrhal stage

94
Q

This organism inhibits phagolysosome fusion

A

Legionella pneumophilia

95
Q

Endotoxin is its only sole virulence factor

A

Legionella pneumophilia

96
Q

Mild flulike disease found in legionella

A

Pontiac fever

97
Q

Three organisms causing atypical pneumonia

A

Chlamydia
Mycoplasma
Legionella

98
Q

Three organism causing pulmonary hemorrhage

A

Woolsorters disease
Congenital syphilis
Weils syndrome

99
Q

Antibiotics that causes pseudomembranous colitis (3)

A

Clindamycin
2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins
Ampicillin

100
Q

Transplacental transmission of listeria characterized by late miscarriage or birth, complicated by sepsis

A

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

Early onset neonatal listeriosis

101
Q

Propels listeria through the membranes of one human cell to another

A

Actin rockets

102
Q

Toxin in listeria that allows it to escape phagosomes

A

Listeriolysin

103
Q

Interacts with E-cadherin on the surface of the cells (listeria)

A

Internalin

104
Q

Unpasteurized milk: 3 organisms

A

Listeria
Brucella
Campylobacter jejuni

105
Q

Infection of C. difficile can precipitate flare-ups of?

A

Ulcerative colitis

106
Q

Pseudomembranous pharyngitis?

A

C. diphtheriae

107
Q

Pseumembranous esophagitis

A

Candida albicans

108
Q

Chinese character, club or comma shaped

A

C. diphtheriae

109
Q

Metachromatic granules in corynebacterium diphtheria

A

Babes ernst granules

Volitin granules

110
Q

ADP ribosylation
Beta prophage
Elongation factor 2
Metachromatic granules

A

C. diphtheriae

111
Q

Tumbling motility
Narrow zone of beta hemolysis
Grows in cold temperature

A

Listeria

112
Q

Toxin in c. perfringens which is a lecithinase that cleaves cell membrane

A

A toxin

113
Q

Ingestion of cheese, unpasteurized milk products, cabbages and green leafy vegetables

A

Listeria monocytogenes

114
Q

Pathogenic toxins and substances of e. Coli

A

Flagellum
Capsule (K)
Endotoxin (O)
Enterotoxins

115
Q

Enterotoxin in e. Coli causing watery diarrhea

A

HST and HLT

116
Q

Enterotoxin in e. Coli causing bloody diarrhea

A

Verotoxin (shiga-like toxin)

117
Q

Causes of neonatal meningitis

A

B group streptococci (agalactiae)
E. Coli
L. Monocytogenes

118
Q

Watery diarrhea of long duration mostly in infants and developing countries (pediatric and poor)

A

EHEC

119
Q

Non lactose fermenting, produces H2S, with flagella

A

Salmonella spp

120
Q

Non lactose fermenting, non H2S producing, nonmotile

A

Shigella spp

121
Q

Typhoid fever is due to what toxin?

A

Vi capsular antigen

122
Q

Where salmonella hides and becomes dormant

A

Gallbadder

123
Q

Strain of salmonella that causes septicemia. Common in pts with sickle cell anemia

A

Salmonella choleraesuis

124
Q

Shiga dysenteriae type 2

A

Schmitz bacillus

125
Q

Shigella bodyii group C

A

Newcastle manchester bacillus

126
Q

Species of vibrio in the human colon

A

V. Cholerae

127
Q

Species of vibrio in saltwater

A

V. parahemolyticus and vulnificus

128
Q

Pandemics caused by vibrio (species)

A

Vibrio cholerae 01 biotype El Tor

129
Q

Toxin of vibrio that enhances attachment to the intestinal mucosa

A

Mucinase

130
Q

Diseases associated with C. jejuni

A

GBS

Reiter’s syndrome

131
Q

Urease positive. Poorman’s disease

A

H. Pylori

132
Q

Extended spectrum beta lactamases acitivity in drug resistant strains. Urease positive. Currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

133
Q

Associated with struvite stones and staghorn calculi

A

Proteus mirabilis

134
Q

Produces pyocyanin (blue green pigment) and a sweet grape like odor

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

135
Q

Toxin in pseudomonas that cause tissue necrosis and inactivates EF-2

A

Exotoxin A

136
Q

Toxin in pseudomonas that damages cilia and mucosal cells

A

Pyocyanin

137
Q

Toxin in pseudomonas that causes hemoglobin breakdown

A

Verdoglobin

138
Q

Green nail syndrome

A

Skin and soft tissue infection caused by pseudomonas

139
Q

Mild form of typhoid

A

Shanghai fever

140
Q

Anaerobic bacteria implicated during bowel trauma, perforation or surgery

A

Bacteroides fragilis

141
Q

Undulating fever, transmitted via contaminated dairy or cows

A

Brucella abortis

142
Q

Transmitted by rabbits

A

Francisella tularemia

143
Q

Most virulent bacteria, bipolar rods resembling safety pins. Transmitted via ticks

A

Yersinia pestis

144
Q

Colonies resembles butterfly with musty odor. Reservoir is cats or dogs

A

Pasteurella multocida

145
Q

Exported repetitive protein which prevents phagosome lysosomal fusion (M. Tuberculosis)

A

Sulfatides

146
Q

Most important virulent factor in TB preventing leukocyte migration

A

Cord factor

Trehalose dimycolate

147
Q

Toxin in M. tuberculosis that elicits dekayed hypersensitivity

A

Tuberculin surface proteins

148
Q

Subpleural granuloma in primary complex

A

Ghon’s focus

149
Q

Ghon’s focus plus associated lymph node

A

Ghon’s complex

150
Q

Usually found in apices in reactivated tubeculosis

A

Simon’s focus

151
Q

Causes pulmonary disease in immunocompromised hosts (CD4

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellurare complex

152
Q

(+) lepromin test

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

153
Q

PE findings shows hard nontender swelling with sinus tract draining sulfur granules. Associated with local trauma like broken jaw or dental extraction. Bacteria?

A

Actinomyces israelli

154
Q

Aerobic gram + rode with aerial hyphae manifests as mycetomas and lung and brain abscess (orange colonies)

A

Nocardia asteroides

155
Q

Smallest free living organism. Only bacteria with cholesterol in cell membrane

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

156
Q

Toll like receptor 2 protein responsible for attachment, inhibition of ciliary motion and necrosis (mycoplasma pneumoniae)

A

P1 adhesin

157
Q

Walking pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

158
Q

Primary syphilis

A

Chancre

159
Q

Caused chancroid

A

H. Ducreyi

160
Q

Secondary syphilis

A

Condyloma lata

161
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

Gummas
Neurosyphilis
Tree bark appearance in histo

162
Q

Tabes dorsalis (pupil)

A

Argyll robertsons pupil

Prostitute pupil

163
Q

Characterized by saddle nose, hutchinson teeth and saber shins + pulmonary hemorrhage

A

Congenital syphilis

164
Q

Hutchinson triad

A

Hutchinson teeth, deafness, keratitis

165
Q

Largest medically important bacteria

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

166
Q

Characteristic rash in borrelia

A

Erythema chronicum marginalis

Bulls eye rash

167
Q

Relapsing fever because of programmed rearrangement

A

Borrelia recurrentis

168
Q

Shepherd crook

A

Leptospira interrogans

169
Q

Gold standard for leptospirosis

A

Leptospire microscopic agglutination test

170
Q

Snowflake lesion in Xray

A

Pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis

171
Q

Triad of weil’s disease

A

Jaundice, bleeding, uremia

172
Q

Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjunctival epithelial cells in trachoma

A

Halberstadter prowazek inclusion

173
Q

Cat scratch disease

A

Toxoplamosis

174
Q

Forms morulae in cytoplasm of monocytes

A

Erhlichia caffensis

175
Q

Clue cells

A

Bacterial vaginosis

176
Q

Chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

177
Q

Major membrane sterol of fungi

A

Ergosterol

178
Q

Fungi that causes liver cancer due to aflatoxin

A

Aspergillus flavus

179
Q

Inhalation of the spores of this fungi causes allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

180
Q

Ring worm

A

Dermatophytosis

181
Q

Tinea mannum

A

Hands

182
Q

Causes tinea versicolor

A

Malassezia furfur

183
Q

Spaghetti and meatball appearance

A

Malasezzia furfur

184
Q

Rose gardener disease, thorn prick

A

Sporothrix schenckii

Sporothricosis

185
Q

Dimorphic, very common in filipinos, inhalation of arthrospores

A

Coccioides immitis

186
Q

Grows in soil contaminated with bird droppings (starling bird) or bat guano. Closely mimics tuberculosis. Budding yeast inside macrophages

A

Histpolasma capsulatum

187
Q

Dimorphic fungus. Round yeast with broad based bud

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

188
Q

Thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner’s wheel). Also known as Lutz splendore de almeida disease

A

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis

189
Q

Septate hyphae that form V shaped branches in acute angles

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

190
Q

Fungus ball

A

Aspergilloma

191
Q

Non septate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles

A

Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor spp.

Pathology and Microbiology (29 decks)

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