Microbial Metabolism [2] Flashcards
Due to the number of phosphate groups, ATP has approximately three times more energy stored than AMP, and ADP has approximately two-thirds the energy stored of ATP.
A True
B False
B
The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway is another name for A the citric acid cycle. B electron transport. C NADH production. D glycolysis.
D
Which of the following is a common energy storage polymer in microorganisms? A glycogen B adenosine triphosphate C H2 D acetyl~S-CoA
A
From the standpoint of the microorganism, in glycolysis the crucial product is
A ethanol or lactate; ATP is a waste product.
B ATP; the fermentation products are waste products.
C CO2; ATP is a waste product.
D not relevant because glycolysis is not a major pathway.
B
Why is ATP required for glycolysis?
A ATP is used to reduce NAD+ to NADH.
B ATP is used to convert PEP into pyruvic acid.
C ATP is used to convert DHAP into G3P.
D ATP makes it easier to break apart glucose into two three-carbon molecules.
D
How many net ATPs can be made from one molecule of glucose in glycolysis? A One B Two C Four D Six
B
What carbon molecules remain at the end of glycolysis? A Pyruvic acid B Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) C Glucose D Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)
A
Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?
A All cells perform glycolysis.
B Glycolysis is also called the Embden-Meyerhof pathway.
C Glycolysis is the main source of NADH in the cell.
D Glycolysis produces glucose.
B
Glycolysis produces energy in which form? A Pyruvic acid B ATP C NADH and ATP D NADH E NADH, ATP, and pyruvic acid
C
Which step is the step for which glycolysis is named? A First B Second C Third D Fourth E Fifth F Sixth
D
What is meant by substrate-level phosphorylation?
A Reduction of NAD+ to NADH
B Production of ATP using energy from a proton gradient
C Splitting of glucose into two pyruvic acid molecules
D Production of ATP by transferring phosphates directly from metabolic products to ADP
D
What is the driving force of energy production in steps 6 and 7?
A The energy potential of a proton gradient
B The reduction of three-carbon compounds
C The oxidation of three-carbon compounds
D The reduction of NAD+ to NADH
C
Electron carriers used in electron transport chains are always found in membranes. Which one of the following statements is NOT a reason why electron transport chains are found in membranes?
A So that electron-only carriers can be arranged to alternate with electron-plus-proton carriers in the chain.
B so that they can transport NADH out of the cell to the periplasm
C so that the electron carriers can be oriented within the membrane such that protons are passed from one side of the membrane to the other
D so that they can efficiently pass electrons in sequence from the carriers with the more negative reduction potentials to those with the more positive reduction potentials
B
During electron transport reactions,
A OH- accumulates on the inside of the membrane while H+ accumulates on the outside.
B both OH- and H+ accumulate on the outside of the membrane.
C OH- accumulates on the outside of the membrane while H+ accumulates on the inside.
D both OH- and H+ accumulate on the inside of the membrane.
A
How does the proton motive force lead to production of ATP?
A Translocation of three to four protons drives the F0 component of ATPase which in turn phosphorylates one ADP into ATP.
B ATPase requires one proton to make one ATP.
C Protons must be pumped against a concentration gradient from outside of the cell into the cell to rotate the F0 subunit of ATPase for the F1 subunit to make ATP.
D Oxidative phosphorylation of ADP by ATP synthase requires protons as cofactors in the reaction.
A
The proton motive force (PMF) is driven by __________.
A the difference in charge across the plasma membrane with protons outside the membrane
B the pumping of electrons though the plasma membrane
C the difference in charge across the plasma membrane with electrons outside the membrane
D the pumping of protons through the plasma membrane
A
