Microbial diversity

Question 1

cell membrane made of

Answer 1

short chaine of sugar groups, oligosaccharides to proteins, phospolipids

Question 2

Membrane protein peripheral

Answer 2

protein found temporarily attached to the cell. Found on one side only 20-30% (lipoproteins)

Question 3

Membrane protein integral

Answer 3

protein molecule permanantly attached in membrane. Spans membrane 70-80%

Question 4

Functions of plasma membrane

Answer 4

• selectively permeable barrier
• prevents loss of essential components
• a transport system for nutrient uptake waste & protein secretion
• location for process of respiration and photosynthesis

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Within the cytoplasm. Made of protein & RNA. Site of protein synthesis

Question 6

Chloramphenicol

Answer 6

Binds to the 50s subunit inhibits formation of peptide bonds

Question 7

Erythromycin

Answer 7

Binds to 50s subunit. Interferes with conformational changes in ribosome toinhibit shifting of the growing polypeptide during translocation phase

Question 8

Tetracycline

Answer 8

Binds to 30s subunit. Blocks the attachment of tRNA with their coupled AA

Question 9

functions of membrane

Answer 9

selectively permeable barrier, prevents loss of essential components through leakage, transport system for nutrient uptake waste excretion and protein secretion, location for photosynthesis and respiration

Question 10

unsaturation in phospolipids

Answer 10

increases fluidity of the membrane

Question 11

what part of cell does photosynthesis take place

Answer 11

chloroplast

Question 12

respiration takes place in

Answer 12

cytoplasm and plasma membrane

Question 13

cytoplasm made of

Answer 13

mostly water, ribosomes, dna

Question 14

ribosomes are found where

Answer 14

within the cytoplasm, composed of protein and RNA. site of protein synthesis- a large 50s & small 30s subunit

Question 15

function of chromosome

Answer 15

to carry genes - DNA

Question 16

Plasmids

Answer 16

carry genes for replicating DNA, transferring themselves from one host to another

Question 17

structure that links 2 cells during conjugation

Answer 17

pilus or sex pilus

Question 18

bacterial wall made of

Answer 18

peptidoglycan

Question 19

function of cell wall

Answer 19

structural support, protection, regulation, target for antibodies

Question 20

flagella - peritrichous

Answer 20

even spread over cell surface, allows for various directions

Question 21

monotrichous

Answer 21

1 single flagella located at the one end of the cell

Question 22

sex pilus

Answer 22

conjugation bridge - transfer of genetic material from one to another.
DNA is the macromolecule that travels across

Question 23

endospores

Answer 23

survival mechanism to endure harsh conditions.
made of - exosporium: thin delicate cover
spore coat: several protein layers
cortex: peptidoglycan
Spore cell wall: surrounds core
Core: ribosomes

Question 24

terminal spore

Answer 24

spore thats produced at the end

Question 25

subterminal

Answer 25

produced at the end but not the very tip

Question 26

inside endospore contains

Answer 26

genetic material, cytoplasm, storage reserves, protectives structures

Question 27

spore formation commences when

Answer 27

nutrients lack, dry conditions, temperature changes, stress factors