Microbial Disease of the Urinary & Reproductive System Flashcards
Causes of UTI’s
Bacteria usually E.Coli
Urethritis is the…
inflammation of the urethra
Cystitis is the
inflammation of the urinary bladder (difficulty or pain in urination)
Ureteritis is an
infection of the ureters
Pyelonephritis is an
inflammation of one or both kidneys (fever, back pain)
How are UTI’s treated
antibiotics
Cause of Gonorrhea
Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Symptoms for men and women with gonorrhea
Men: painful urination and discharge of pus
◦Women: fewer symptoms; pelvic inflammatory disease
treatment for gonorrhea
ceftriaxone and azithromycin
If gonorrhea goes untreated
If untreated, may disseminate and become systemic
◦Causing endocarditis, meningitis, arthritis
◦Can spread to infant passing through the birth canal, causing blindness
Causes for Syphilis
Caused by Treponema pallidum: gram-negative spirochete
◦Enters the bloodstream, induces an inflammatory response
Stages of Syphilis
◦Primary stage: painless, highly infectious, disappears after 2 weeks
◦Secondary stage: skin and mucosal rashes due to inflammatory response
◦Latent period: no symptoms (can last many years)
◦Tertiary stage: may appear years after latency
Treatment for syphilis
Antibiotics
Causes of genital herpes
Caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
Symptoms of genital herpes
painful vesicles on the genitals, painful urination
How can Genital herpes be transmitted
Can be transmitted when no symptoms are apparent
Treatment for genital herpes
Managed with antibiotics
causes for genital warts
Caused by human papillomaviruses
Symptoms of genital warts
Visible warts
Treatment and prevention of genital warts
Removal of warts, HBV Vaccine
Causes of candidiasis
Caused by the fungus Candida albicans; Due to opportunistic overgrowth
Symptoms of candidiasis
Symptoms include severe itching; thick, yellow discharge
Treatment of candidiasis
Treated with topical antifungal drugs (clotrimazole or fluconazole)
Causes of Trichomoniasis
Caused by protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis
◦Normal inhabitant of the vagina and urethra
◦Overgrowth when normal acidity of the vagina is disturbed
