Microbial Control Chemical Methods Flashcards
what are phenols/phenolics
intermediate to low level disinfectants examples. Lysol, pine-sol
what are alcohols
intermediate level disinfectants, ex. rubbing alcohol
what are halogens
intermediate level chemicals, ex. CHOLORINE, BLEACH, IDOPHORES (BETADINE)
what are oxidizing agents
high level disinfectants. ex. PEROXIDES, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
True or false
you can use hydrogen peroxide for wound care
False
It is CYTOTOXIC
What is normal saline used for?
Cleanser for wounds, it is physiologic and will ALWAYS BE SAFE
What do surfactants do?
they help lift bacteria and cellular debris out of wounds ex. Soaps and Detergents
What do soaps do?
degerming agents but NOT ANTIMICROBIAL. Antibacterial soaps have ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ADDED to them
what are Detergents
low level disinfectants. have QUATS. ideal for DISINFECTING ADJUSTING TABLES
How to disinfect adjusting tables
clean excess dirt first, wipe surface, should be visibly wet for 4 minutes, let air dry
what are Heavy Metals
Low level bacteriostatic and fungistatic agents.
What is used to prevent blindness caused by N. gonorrhoeae?
1% silver nitrate
What is Thimerosal?
vaccine preservative. replaced in 1999 because of mercury
what are aldehydes
GLUTARALDEHYDE disinfects hospitals etc. FORMALIN (FORMALDEHYDE+WATER) used in embalming
what are gaseous agents
ETHYLENE OXIDE used in hospitals and dental offices
DISADVANTAGES; can be hazardous to ppl
what are antimicrobials
TYPICALLY USED FOR TREATMENT OF DISEASE
what are enzymes
LYSOZYME used to reduce the number of bacteria in cheese.
PRIONZYME: can remove prions on medical instruments
what are chemotherapeutic agents
drugs that act against diseases
what are antimicrobial agents
Treat infections
Mechanism of antimicrobial action
SELECTIVE TOXICITY: MORE TOXIC TO PATHOGEN THAN TO PATHOGENS HOST
How do bacteria acquire resistance
NEW MUTATIONS, ACQUISITION OF R PLASMIDS
what is synergism
one drug enhances effect of the second drug
