Microbes to know

Question 1

Cutibacterium acnes: Taxonomy:phylum

Answer 1

Actinobacterica

Question 2

Cutibacterium acnes: Taxonomy: +/-

Answer 2

+

Question 3

Cutibacterium acnes: Ecology

Answer 3

1 Skin bacterium (sebacious skin), lives in follicles and pores

Question 4

Cutibacterium acnes: Aerotolerance, what does it eat
“Physiology”

Answer 4

Facultative Anerobe, Lipophillic (consumes sebum)

Question 5

Cutibacterium acnes: How it works

Answer 5

Puberty causes
^Hormones
^Sebum
^Lipophilic Microbes
^Inflammation (porphyrin)

Question 6

Streptococcus mutans: Phylum: -/+

Answer 6

Firmicutes, +

Question 7

Streptococcus mutans: Ecology:

Answer 7

Oral bacterium (dental plaque), Live in tooth
biofilms

Question 8

Streptococcus mutans: aerotolerance, What is its main gig
“physiology”

Answer 8

Facultative anaerobe, Ferment sugar to lactic acid
(sucrose -> stick)

Question 9

Streptococcus mutans: How it works

Answer 9

Healthy Teeth
^ increased sugar intake
^ S. mutans
^ Acid production
^ enamel erosion

Question 10

Prevotella spp: Taxonomy: Phylum, +/-

Answer 10

Phylum Bacteroidetes, -

Question 11

Prevotella spp: Ecology

Answer 11

Oral cavity, Upper Respiratory, Urogenital tract, can be commensal or pathogenic

Question 12

Prevotella spp: Aerotolerance, What does it do “Physiology”

Answer 12

Obligate anaerobe, Pathobiont (inflammation)

Question 13

Prevotella spp: How it works

Answer 13

A man is circumcised
decrease in anaerobes (like prevotella)
decrease in inflamation
decrease in susceptible immune cells
decrease in viral cell targets
decrease in HIV infections

Question 14

Bifidobacteria spp: Taxonomy, +/-

Answer 14

Phylum Actinobacteria, +

Question 15

Bifidobacteria spp: Ecology

Answer 15

Lower GI Tract
Dominant in Infant Mammals
Stabilizes Gut Mucosa

Question 16

Akkermansia municiphila: taxonomy, +/-

Answer 16

Phylum Verrucomicrobia, -, discovered in 2004

Question 17

Akkermansia municiphila: Ecology

Answer 17

Lower GI Tract, Dominant in Infant Mammals
Epithelial barrier
- Increase in mucous production
- Decrease in inflammation

Question 18

Akkermansia municiphila: Physiology

Answer 18

Obligate anaerobe, loves (‘philos’) to eat mucus (‘mucini’)

Question 19

Akkermansia municiphila: how it works

Answer 19

Increase in mucous layer, increase in diversity, decrease in inflammation, decrease in disease incidence,
increase in health span

Question 20

Akkermansia municiphila: Know Your Microbes

Answer 20

In gut Microbiome in ‘Longevity Villages’
· High Prevalence of Centenarians
Sardinia, Italy
SW Counties of South Korea

Question 21

Methanobrevibacter smithii: Taxonomy

Answer 21

Domain Archaea,

Question 22

Methanobrevibacter smithii: Ecology

Answer 22

Dominant archeaon in Human GI Tract, Increases energy extraction from nutrients in gut

Question 23

Methanobrevibacter smithii: aero tolerance, Physiology

Answer 23

Obligate anaerobe, Methanogen:
4 H2 + CO2 -> CH4 + 2 H2O

Question 24

Methanobrevibacter smithii: How it works

Answer 24

Increase in Methanobrevibacter smithii
decrease in hydrogen gas
increase in bacterial fermentation
increase in energy extraction
can lead to obesity

Question 25

Anaerostipes caccae: Taxonomy: Phylum, class, +/-

Answer 25

Phylum Firmicutes, Class Clostridia, +

Question 26

Anaerostipes caccae: Where is it found, what is it’s main thing

Answer 26

Found in Human GI Tract, Ferment fiber to Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs)

Question 27

Anaerostipes caccae: Aerotolerance, what is it’s main gig “Physiology”

Answer 27

Obligate anaerobe, Produces Butryate (4-carbon SCFA)

Question 28

Anaerostipes caccae: How it works

Answer 28

A. caccae ferments (causes low o2) and makes Butryate -> Epithelial cells oxidize butryate ->