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BAMS Molecules And Cells > Microbes in Oral Health and Disease > Flashcards

Microbes in Oral Health and Disease Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

when relationship moves mutualism > commensalism > parasitism what happens?

A

the infectious disease process begins

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2
Q

when relationship moves parasitism > commensalism > mutualism what happens?

A

reestablishment of healthy host occurs

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3
Q

what promotes the balance of disease in our favour?

A

immune system
vaccines
antimicrobial agents

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4
Q

in the balance of disease what are the cons?

A

immuno-suppression
virulence factors
resistance

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5
Q

what are the main contributors to oral health?

A
  • integrity of oral mucosa
  • lymphoid tissue
  • saliva
  • gingival crevicular fluid
  • humoral and cellular immunity
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6
Q

how does saliva act as a mechanical cleanser?

A

muscular movements, in conjunction with saliva, maintain hygiene in accessible areas of mouth.
swallowed microbes are inactivated in the mouth

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7
Q

what is the innate host immune system?

A
  • barriers
  • non specific cellular
  • inflammation
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8
Q

what is the acquired host immune system?

A
  • specific
  • memory
  • t and B cells
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9
Q

what is the acquired host immune system?

A
  • specific
  • memory
  • t and B cells
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10
Q

what is the stages of a parasites lifecycle?

A

parasite
enters/attaches to host
consolidation/multiplication of host
causes harm
release from host
dissemination and transmission

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11
Q

what contributes to the antimicrobial actions of saliva?

A

mechanical cleanser
lysozyme
peroxidase
lactoferrin
leucocytes
secretory IgA

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12
Q

what is the ubiquitous feature of bacteria?

A

can live in multiple environments

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13
Q

what is the diverse feature of bacteria?

A

varies in shapes, sizes and characteristics

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14
Q

what is the adaptive feature of bacteria?

A

evolve quickly (can divide in 20 mins and mature)

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15
Q

what are the main virulence factors?

A

motility > flagella
adhesion > pili/fimbriae
colonisation > extra polymeric material
invasion > enzymes/toxins
spread > immune evasion

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16
Q

how many microorganisms are in a ml of saliva?

A

10^8

17
Q

how do pilli help bacteria?

A

they stick and make it difficult to remove

18
Q

how many cultivable bacterial species are there?

A

350

19
Q

what do alterations in microbial flora cause?

A

diease

20
Q

what do aerobes do in the oral enviroment?

A

use up all the oxygen that all for bacteria that like CO2 to grow

21
Q

what are the factors that lead to dental caries?

A

saliva
plaque microorganisms
teeth
diet
time

22
Q

what is marginal gingivitis?

A

gingivitis around where the tooth meets the gum

23
Q

what is hyper plastic gingivitis?

A

proliferative response to plaque
- all around the gums

24
Q

what is an endodontic infection?

A

infections to pulp generally secondary to tooth infections/ trauma

25
Q

where are endodontic infections derived from?

A

endogenous microflora

26
Q

what is another name for a root canal infection?

A

endodontic infection

27
Q

what prevents an endodontic infection?

A

intact enamel and dentine protect the pulp

28
Q

*‘what are purulent infections?

A

abscesses with pus forming and intra/extra oral swelling
- deadly as can lead to sepsis

29
Q

what causes a purulent infections?

A

usually comes from a root canal infection

30
Q

what do you do in a case of extra oral swelling?

A

drain the abscess to remove the site of infection then sent to a medial professional

31
Q

what is haematogenous spread?

A

bacteria into blood steam >
- cardiovascular
- prosthetic joints
- dissemination
- toxic shock

32
Q

what is the visible symptom of pseudomembranous candidiasis?

A

non-adherent white plaque growing on the mucosa

33
Q

what is candid leukoplakia?

A
  • grows into the mucosa
    usually seen in smokers
    adherent speckled white plaque
    PREMALIGNANT
34
Q

what is denture stomatitis?

A
  • seen in patients with dentures
    due to them not being removed for long periods of time causing bacteria to grow on upper palate
35
Q

what generally causes oral diseases?

A

polymicrobial communitie - biofilms

BAMS Molecules And Cells (6 decks)

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