microbes Flashcards
what are hyperthermophiles?
tolerance of high temperatures
what are acidophiles?
tolerance to low pH
what are alkalinophiles?
tolerance to high pH
what are halophiles?
tolerance to high salinity
what are piezophiles/barophiles?
tolerance to high pressure
what is oligotrophy?
capable of growing at low nutrient concentrations
what are some of the genomic adaptations of oligotrophy?
- smaller genomes
- fewer gene duplications
- fewer non-coding sections
photoautotrophs
photosynthesise
chemoautotrophs
energy from oxidation of chemicals
photoheterotrophs
energy from sunlight
carbon from organic carbon source NOT CO2
chemoheterotrophs
energy from oxidation of chemicals
carbon from organic carbon source NOT CO2
example of a photoautotroph
cyanobacteria
example of a chemoautotroph
nitrifying bacteria
example of a photoheterotroph
halobacteria
example of a chemoheterotroph
E. Coli (many pathogens in this catergory)
the four different marine zones for microbial communities
coastal
oceanic
deep-sea
sediment
what are the most abundant primary producers in the oceans
cyanobacteria
diatoms and dinoflagellates
