MicroAnatomy. Flashcards
Neuron: Core region is called
cell body or soma
Main root of neuron is called
axon
which carries messages
to other neuron
Dendrites vs cell body vs Axon
gather information ,from other neuron,integrates the information,carries information to be passed on to other cells
Dendrites spines are
point of contact with axons of other cells
Axon hillock vs Axon collaterals
where the action potential begins,Branch of an axon
Terminal button
Knob at the tip of an axon that conveys information to otherneurons
Sensory neurons
carry information from the sensory receptors in or on the body
to the spinal cord
Interneurons
associate sensory and motor activity within the central
nervous system
Interneurons
send signals from the brain and spinal cord to muscles
Somatosensory dendrites
Connects directly to its axon
Purkinje cells
A distinctive interneuron with extremely branched dendrites
that form a fan shape
three organizational aspects of neuron
input, association, and output
Ependymal cells
Make and secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Astrocyte does this
Structural support for neurons,
Transports substances between neurons and capillaries,
Enhancement of brain activity by providing fuel to active brain
regions
Microglia does this
Originate in the blood as offshoot of immune system, gets rid of dead cells and They identify and attack foreign tissue
Schwann cell
Glial cell in the peripheral nervous system that myelinates
axons
Oligodendroglial cell
Glial cell in the central nervous system that myelinates axons
what doesn’t happen in Central nervous system
cells Repair does not take place;
In the PNS
Microglia and Schwann cells help repair neurons
Cell’s proteins determine
characteristics and functions
what plays a important cell’s
function
Water, salts, and ions
Elements are
Naturally occurring substance
Neutrons have a
neutral charge
Protons carry a
positive charge
electrons carry
carry a negative
with salt Positively and negatively charged ion are
held together by their electrical connection
with water Atoms
held together by shared electron
Ribosomes
Protein structures that act as catalysts for protein synthesis
Codon does this
Sequence of three bases on mRNA that codes for a particular
amino acid
Enzyme
Protein catalyst that facilitates the cell’s chemical reactions
