Micro Taxonomy

Question 1

Gram + Cocci

Answer 1

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

Question 2

Gram - Cocci

Answer 2

Neisseria

Question 3

Gram + Bacilli (Rods)

Answer 3

Clostridium
Corynebacterium
Bacillus
Listeria
Mycobacterium (acid fast)

Question 4

Gram - Bacilli

Answer 4

E. Coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Vibrio, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacteriodes
Haemophilus, Legionella (silver), Bordetella, Francisella, Brucella, Pasteurella, Bartonella, Gardenerella

Question 5

Gram + Branching Filamentous

Answer 5

Actinomyces

Nocardia

Question 6

Gram - Pleomorphic

Answer 6

Rickettsiae

Chlamydiae (giemsa)

Question 7

Gram - Spiral (Spirochetes)

Answer 7

Leptospira
Borrelia (giemsa)
Treponema

Question 8

No Cell Wall

Answer 8

Mycoplasma - contain sterols

Question 9

Bacteria that do not Gram stain well

Answer 9

“These Rascals May Microscopically Lack Color”

Treponema, Rickettsia, Mycobacteria (req acid-fast), Mycoplasma, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia

Question 10

Giemsa Stain

Answer 10

Borrelia
Plasmodium,
Trypanosomes,
Chlamydia

Question 11

PAS (Periodic acid-Schiff) Stain

Answer 11

“PASs the sugar”
-stains glycogen, used to dx Whipple’s Dz
Tropheryma whippelii

Question 12

Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)

Answer 12

Acid-fast organisms:
Mycobacteria
Nocardia

Question 13

India Ink

Answer 13

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 14

Silver Stain

Answer 14

Fungi (ex - Pneumocysitis)

Legionella

Question 15

Chocolate Agar

Answer 15

H. influenzae

N. gonorrhea

Question 16

Theyer-Martin (VPN) Media

Answer 16

N. gonorrhaeae

N. meningitis

Question 17

Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar

Answer 17

Bordetella pertussis

Question 18

Charcoal yeast extract agar

Answer 18

Legionella

Question 19

Sabouraud’s agar

Answer 19

Fungi

Question 20

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

Answer 20

M. tuberculosis

Question 21

Eaton’s agar

Answer 21

Mycoplasma pneomoniae

Question 22

Obligate Aerobes

Answer 22

“Nagging Pests Must Breathe”

Nocardia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus

Question 23

Obligate Anaerobes

Answer 23

“anaerobes Can’t Breathe Air”
Clostridium, Bacteroides, Actinomyces
(lack catalase, &/or superoxide dismutase)

Question 24

Obligate Intracellular

Answer 24

“stay inside (cells) when it’s Really Cold”
Rickettsia, Chlamydia
- cannot make their own ATP

Question 25

Facultative Intracellular

Answer 25

“Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY”

Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis

Question 26

Encapsulated Bacteria

Answer 26

“SHiN SKiS (group b)”
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, group B Strep
(Asplenic patients are at high risk of severe infxn)

Question 27

Catalase +

Answer 27

“you need PLACESS for your CATs”

Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, E. Coli, S. aureus, Serratia

Question 28

Urease +

Answer 28

“CHuck norris hates PUNKSS”

Crytptococcus, H. pylori, Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S. epidermis, S. saprophytis

Question 29

Pigment Producers

Answer 29

Actinomyces israelii -> Yellow (Isreal has Yellow sand)
S. aureus -> Yellow (aureus is Latin for Gold)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa -> Blue-green (aerugula is green)
Serratia marcescens -> Red (red maraschino cherries)

Question 30

IgA Protease

Answer 30

“SHiN”
Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B, Neisseria
- colonize respiratory mucosa