Micro Taxonomy Flashcards
Gram + Cocci
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Gram - Cocci
Neisseria
Gram + Bacilli (Rods)
Clostridium Corynebacterium Bacillus Listeria Mycobacterium (acid fast)
Gram - Bacilli
E. Coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Vibrio, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacteriodes
Haemophilus, Legionella (silver), Bordetella, Francisella, Brucella, Pasteurella, Bartonella, Gardenerella
Gram + Branching Filamentous
Actinomyces
Nocardia
Gram - Pleomorphic
Rickettsiae
Chlamydiae (giemsa)
Gram - Spiral (Spirochetes)
Leptospira
Borrelia (giemsa)
Treponema
No Cell Wall
Mycoplasma - contain sterols
Bacteria that do not Gram stain well
“These Rascals May Microscopically Lack Color”
Treponema, Rickettsia, Mycobacteria (req acid-fast), Mycoplasma, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia
Giemsa Stain
Borrelia
Plasmodium,
Trypanosomes,
Chlamydia
PAS (Periodic acid-Schiff) Stain
“PASs the sugar”
-stains glycogen, used to dx Whipple’s Dz
Tropheryma whippelii
Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)
Acid-fast organisms:
Mycobacteria
Nocardia
India Ink
Cryptococcus neoformans
Silver Stain
Fungi (ex - Pneumocysitis)
Legionella
Chocolate Agar
H. influenzae
N. gonorrhea
Theyer-Martin (VPN) Media
N. gonorrhaeae
N. meningitis
Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar
Bordetella pertussis
Charcoal yeast extract agar
Legionella
Sabouraud’s agar
Fungi
Lowenstein-Jensen agar
M. tuberculosis
Eaton’s agar
Mycoplasma pneomoniae
Obligate Aerobes
“Nagging Pests Must Breathe”
Nocardia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus
Obligate Anaerobes
“anaerobes Can’t Breathe Air”
Clostridium, Bacteroides, Actinomyces
(lack catalase, &/or superoxide dismutase)
Obligate Intracellular
“stay inside (cells) when it’s Really Cold”
Rickettsia, Chlamydia
- cannot make their own ATP
Facultative Intracellular
“Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY”
Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis
Encapsulated Bacteria
“SHiN SKiS (group b)”
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, group B Strep
(Asplenic patients are at high risk of severe infxn)
Catalase +
“you need PLACESS for your CATs”
Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, E. Coli, S. aureus, Serratia
Urease +
“CHuck norris hates PUNKSS”
Crytptococcus, H. pylori, Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S. epidermis, S. saprophytis
Pigment Producers
Actinomyces israelii -> Yellow (Isreal has Yellow sand)
S. aureus -> Yellow (aureus is Latin for Gold)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa -> Blue-green (aerugula is green)
Serratia marcescens -> Red (red maraschino cherries)
IgA Protease
“SHiN”
Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B, Neisseria
- colonize respiratory mucosa
