Micro/Macro Points (AO1)

Question 1

What are the 4 sentence moods?

Answer 1

• Interrogative (questions)
• Declarative (statements)
• Imperative (commands)
• Exclamatory (!!!)

Question 2

What is deixis?

Answer 2

Language use that is heavily context dependent - “It was this big”, “Put it over there”

Question 3

What should an introduction focus on?

Answer 3

• Purpose (why it is written)
• Mode (how is it produced, what is the medium of production)
• Audience (who it is written for)
• Tone (How it is written, what is the register)

Question 4

What are the 5 stages of the English Language?

Answer 4

Old English
Middle English
Early Modern English (EME) (course starts here)
Late Modern English (LME)
Present Day English (PDE)

Question 5

What are archaic and obsolete words?

Answer 5

Archaic - Old-fashioned language that is still in the dictionary
Obsolete - not used anymore, not in the dictionary

Question 6

What are the 3 terms used for where a letter is added to a word?

Answer 6

Initial - at the start of a word
Medial - in the middle of a word
Terminal - at the end of a word

Question 7

What are the seven types of clauses?

Answer 7

Independent
Subordinate
Relative
Adjective
Adverbial
Conditional
Infinitive

Question 8

Describe an independent clause and give an example

Answer 8

The main clause of a sentence. It states a full thought and can function on its own
“The dog ran across the street”

Question 9

Describe a subordinate clause and give an example

Answer 9

Doesn’t have a complete thought, and starts with a subordinating conjunction e.g. when, if, because
“When the dog ran across the street, he was almost hit by a car”

Question 10

Describe a relative clause and give an example

Answer 10

Starts with a relative pronoun, e.g. that, who or which. If it is necessary for understanding the sentence, it does not need commas, however it does if not necessary for understanding
“She fell in love with Tom, who had a dashing personality”

Question 11

Describe an adjective clause and give an example

Answer 11

Starts with a relative pronoun, such as who, whom, whose, which, or that, or a relative verb, such as when, where, or why. Functions as an adjective
“The conductor, who led the marching band, was impressed with his players’ performance”

Question 12

Describe an adverbial clause and give an example

Answer 12

Often starts with subordinating conjunctions like because, unless, when, although, and if, and answer questions like how, when, where, why and to what extent, just like adverbs
“When Johnathan left the house, he forgot his keys”

Question 13

Describe a conditional clause and give an example

Answer 13

A clause that used words like if or unless to show something is possible or probable but not necessarily guaranteed. Cannot stand alone, making them dependent
“If it starts to rain, we will have to go inside”

Question 14

Describe an infinitive clause and give an example

Answer 14

A dependent clause that begins with an infinitive verb followed by the base form of the verb
“To swim in the ocean, we will have to get lessons”