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Block 8 > Micro Lecture 1/2 > Flashcards

Micro Lecture 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of flu

A
  • symptoms quickly develop
  • high fever
  • extreme exhaustion
  • body aches
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2
Q

What animal acts as The melting pot of influenza

A

Pigs

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3
Q

Small mutations/minor changes in vision

A

Genetic drifts

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4
Q

What is the causative agent of SARS

A

Coronavirus

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5
Q

Average amount of colds per year per person

A

1-6 a year per person

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6
Q

What is the mortality rate of bird flu

A

50-70%

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7
Q

What was the strain of Spanish flu

A

H1N1

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8
Q

How is zanamivir (relenza) taken

A

Inhaled

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9
Q

Why was the causative agent of SARS a surprise to virologists

A

Bc coronavirus is just a common cold so they were surprised bc it became lethal

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10
Q

What is the mortality rate of SARS

A

ARDS with 10% mortality

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11
Q

Upper respiratory infection symptoms

A

Rhinitis
Pharyngitis
Tonsillitis
Laryngitis

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12
Q

What are the 2 main neuraminidase inhibitors

A

Zanamivir (relenza) and oseltamivir (tamiflu)

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13
Q

Which strains of influenza are we very concerned with

A

H5N1 and H7

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14
Q

Where to paramyxoviruses replicate

A

Respiratory tract

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15
Q

What patients most affected by adenovirus

A

Infants/children

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16
Q

Facilitates attachment and penetration of virus into host cells

A

Hemagglutinin (H)

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17
Q

What happens if child is givin asprin for viral infection

A

Liver failure and encephalopathy

  • High AST and ALT (liver tests)
  • High PT/INR (clotting proteins)
  • Changes in mental status
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18
Q

What are the symptoms of measles

A
  • High fever
  • conjunctivitis
  • sore throat
  • eyelid swell
  • photophobia
19
Q

Which flu strain is bird flu

A

H5N1

20
Q

How effective are neuraminidase inhibitors

A

70-90%

21
Q

What are the 2 main causes of acute viral rhinitis

A

Rhinoviruses

Coronaviruses

22
Q

Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses are what type of virus

A

RNA

23
Q

What sickness is orthomyxovirus

A

Influenza virus (Ordinary flu)

24
Q

How quickly are neuraminidase inhibitors given

A

No later than 48 hrs after symptoms begin

25
Q

Which lasts longer, flu or cold

A

Flu

26
Q

What are the symptoms of a cold

A
  • No to low grade fever (< 102)
  • develops gradually
  • doesn’t affect energy level
27
Q

Which type of influenza is only in humans and mild

A

B and C

28
Q

What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis

A

Adenovirus

29
Q

What sickness if paramyxovirus

A

Parade of diseases

  • parainfluenza virus
  • mumps virus
  • measles virus
30
Q

What is reye’s syn

A

Rare and severe complication of viral infections (asprin given to kids)

31
Q

Adenovirus is what type of virus

A

DNA

32
Q

Mode of transmission of common cold

A

Hand to hand

33
Q

Assist the virion in entry and budding/escaping from cell

A

Neuraminidase (N)

34
Q

Why do new strains of influenza often come from pacific rim

A

Because lots of animals and people are in close proximity

35
Q

Which type of influenza infects multiple animals

A

A

36
Q

How is oseltamivir (tamiflu) given

A

PO (oral)

37
Q

What will you see as URI becomes LRI

A

Fever

38
Q

What strain is the common flu

A

H1N1

39
Q

What is the toughest respiratory virus

A

Adenovirus

40
Q

Do you see conjunctivitis in URI

A

Very rare

41
Q

Abrupt/major reassortments of segments of animal and human H/N spikes that produce new strains

A

Genetic shifts

42
Q

What should children be given for fever/viral infection

A

Acetaminophen

43
Q

What are the permissive hosts for flu A

A

Pigs

44
Q

What are the natural hosts for all flu A viruses

A

Birds

Block 8 (11 decks)

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