Micro Lecture 1/2 Flashcards
What are the symptoms of flu
- symptoms quickly develop
- high fever
- extreme exhaustion
- body aches
What animal acts as The melting pot of influenza
Pigs
Small mutations/minor changes in vision
Genetic drifts
What is the causative agent of SARS
Coronavirus
Average amount of colds per year per person
1-6 a year per person
What is the mortality rate of bird flu
50-70%
What was the strain of Spanish flu
H1N1
How is zanamivir (relenza) taken
Inhaled
Why was the causative agent of SARS a surprise to virologists
Bc coronavirus is just a common cold so they were surprised bc it became lethal
What is the mortality rate of SARS
ARDS with 10% mortality
Upper respiratory infection symptoms
Rhinitis
Pharyngitis
Tonsillitis
Laryngitis
What are the 2 main neuraminidase inhibitors
Zanamivir (relenza) and oseltamivir (tamiflu)
Which strains of influenza are we very concerned with
H5N1 and H7
Where to paramyxoviruses replicate
Respiratory tract
What patients most affected by adenovirus
Infants/children
Facilitates attachment and penetration of virus into host cells
Hemagglutinin (H)
What happens if child is givin asprin for viral infection
Liver failure and encephalopathy
- High AST and ALT (liver tests)
- High PT/INR (clotting proteins)
- Changes in mental status
What are the symptoms of measles
- High fever
- conjunctivitis
- sore throat
- eyelid swell
- photophobia
Which flu strain is bird flu
H5N1
How effective are neuraminidase inhibitors
70-90%
What are the 2 main causes of acute viral rhinitis
Rhinoviruses
Coronaviruses
Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses are what type of virus
RNA
What sickness is orthomyxovirus
Influenza virus (Ordinary flu)
How quickly are neuraminidase inhibitors given
No later than 48 hrs after symptoms begin
Which lasts longer, flu or cold
Flu
What are the symptoms of a cold
- No to low grade fever (< 102)
- develops gradually
- doesn’t affect energy level
Which type of influenza is only in humans and mild
B and C
What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis
Adenovirus
What sickness if paramyxovirus
Parade of diseases
- parainfluenza virus
- mumps virus
- measles virus
What is reye’s syn
Rare and severe complication of viral infections (asprin given to kids)
Adenovirus is what type of virus
DNA
Mode of transmission of common cold
Hand to hand
Assist the virion in entry and budding/escaping from cell
Neuraminidase (N)
Why do new strains of influenza often come from pacific rim
Because lots of animals and people are in close proximity
Which type of influenza infects multiple animals
A
How is oseltamivir (tamiflu) given
PO (oral)
What will you see as URI becomes LRI
Fever
What strain is the common flu
H1N1
What is the toughest respiratory virus
Adenovirus
Do you see conjunctivitis in URI
Very rare
Abrupt/major reassortments of segments of animal and human H/N spikes that produce new strains
Genetic shifts
What should children be given for fever/viral infection
Acetaminophen
What are the permissive hosts for flu A
Pigs
What are the natural hosts for all flu A viruses
Birds
